Just trying to understand your behavior 1st.
- You are accessing your backend application through https://serverip and it redirects with https://whatever.com
- You try to access via your VIP - https://vip:443 to which I believe you have a 80 pool member, since you said it talks in http. This again gives http://whatever.com
From what I can think of, your http://whatever.com is resolving to your VIP, when the traffic lands on port 80, you got the http2https irule redirect. Thus it redirects to VIP:443, but again its going on loop.
1st figure who is sending the 302. Check the header Server: is it bigip or webserver.
Then comes your solution, whether the prob is on the F5 or on the webserver, if for no reason the webserver is sending 302, then the fix should be on the server. Check with your application team, whether the app should be running on SSL or Non-SSL. Based on that fix your LTM setup.