New Application using different different backend applications with same URL

Absolutely. Here's what the iRule might look like:

when HTTP_REQUEST {
    switch -glob [HTTP::uri] {
        "/prod2*" { pool prod2_pool }
        "/prod*" { pool prod_pool }
    }
}

The important thing here is that you put the more specific entry first in the list. Starting with "/prod*" would match on everything. You'd then create two separate pools for your application servers.

You can also do the exact same thing with a traffic policy without touching iRules.