Enable SAML Service Provider on F5 Distributed Cloud Application

SAML is a federation protocol used to authenticate users.

F5 Distributed Cloud does not yet offer such a solution natively, but thanks to F5 portfolio, it is easy to deploy NGINX in F5 XC and enable SAML as Service Provider.

To do so, we need:

  • A F5 Distributed Cloud tenant
  • A F5 Distributed Cloud vk8s
  • A NGINX Plus subscription (license)
  • The NGINX Plus SAML module : https://github.com/nginxinc/nginx-saml
  • An SAML IDP - in our demo, we will use the Corporate F5 Azure AD

 

This is the architecture

 

 

 

Create the NGINX Plus docker image

In order to run NGINX Plus in vK8S, NGINX Plus needs to be built as Unprivileged. The NGINX daemon requires it to run as root, but this is not allowed in vK8S.

You can find the GitHub repo with the Dockerfile and steps here : https://github.com/f5devcentral/nginx-unprivileged-f5xc

When the image is created, upload it to a PRIVATE repository. NGINX Plus is not free, so don't push the image into a public repo. In our demo, we will use Azure Container Registry (ACR).

 

First of all, create a vK8S in your Namespace. Then create a F5 Distributed Cloud Container Registry (with Azure ACR, it is pretty easy - copy and paste the ACR hostname, username and password)

Published Jun 12, 2023
Version 1.0

3 Comments

  • Great article Matt_Dierick . Another good question is if you can send traffic to a not public application without public ip address that is connected with a CE Edge using Nginx on RE as using Nginx on CE with vK8s will solve this but I wonder if there is a way to use the NGINX on the RE and then forward traffic to the CE Edge.

    Maybe if an LB is created on the local CE node and NGINX has in the server farm the LB ip address that on the CE but I never tested this if traffic will be forwarded from the RE to the CE using the IPsec tunnel.

  • Nikoolayy1 I'm almost 99,9999% sure we can do it as the N+ in vk8s has access to the F5XC internal DNS to resolve the internal LB exposed on the CE.

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SAML Service Provider on F5 Distributed Cloud Application","id":"message:316166","revisionNum":5,"repliesCount":3,"author":{"__ref":"User:user:193857"},"depth":0,"hasGivenKudo":false,"helpful":null,"board":{"__ref":"Tkb:board:TechnicalArticles"},"conversation":{"__ref":"Conversation:conversation:316166"},"messagePolicies":{"__typename":"MessagePolicies","canPublishArticleOnEdit":{"__typename":"PolicyResult","failureReason":{"__typename":"FailureReason","message":"error.lithium.policies.forums.policy_can_publish_on_edit_workflow_action.accessDenied","key":"error.lithium.policies.forums.policy_can_publish_on_edit_workflow_action.accessDenied","args":[]}},"canModerateSpamMessage":{"__typename":"PolicyResult","failureReason":{"__typename":"FailureReason","message":"error.lithium.policies.feature.moderation_spam.action.moderate_entity.allowed.accessDenied","key":"error.lithium.policies.feature.moderation_spam.action.moderate_entity.allowed.accessDenied","args":[]}}},"contentWorkflow":{"__typename":"ContentWorkflow","state":"PUBLISH","scheduledPublishTime":null,"scheduledTimezone":null,"userContext":{"__typename":"MessageWorkflowContext","canSubmitForReview":null,"canEdit":false,"canRecall":null,"canSubmitForPublication":null,"canReturnToAuthor":null,"canPublish":null,"canReturnToReview":null,"canSchedule":false},"shortScheduledTimezone":null},"readOnly":false,"editFrozen":false,"moderationData":{"__ref":"ModerationData:moderation_data:316166"},"teaser":"

Enable SAML Service Provider role on F5 Distributed Cloud Application. NGINX Plus is deployed in F5 Distributed Cloud infrastructure to enable it.

","body":"
\n

SAML is a federation protocol used to authenticate users.

\n

F5 Distributed Cloud does not yet offer such a solution natively, but thanks to F5 portfolio, it is easy to deploy NGINX in F5 XC and enable SAML as Service Provider.

\n

To do so, we need:

\n\n

 

\n

This is the architecture

\n\n

 

\n

 

\n

 

\n
\n

Create the NGINX Plus docker image

\n
\n

In order to run NGINX Plus in vK8S, NGINX Plus needs to be built as Unprivileged. The NGINX daemon requires it to run as root, but this is not allowed in vK8S.

\n

You can find the GitHub repo with the Dockerfile and steps here : https://github.com/f5devcentral/nginx-unprivileged-f5xc

\n

When the image is created, upload it to a PRIVATE repository. NGINX Plus is not free, so don't push the image into a public repo. In our demo, we will use Azure Container Registry (ACR).

\n
\n

 

\n\n
\n

First of all, create a vK8S in your Namespace. Then create a F5 Distributed Cloud Container Registry (with Azure ACR, it is pretty easy - copy and paste the ACR hostname, username and password)

\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
 
\n
\n

Now, we are ready to deploy our NGINX Plus in vK8S and configure it as SAML SP.

\n

 

\n
\n

Create a Workload for N+

\n
\n

Create a new workload and instead of creating all objects manually, paste this JSON into the console. To do so, click on the top left corner to JSON and past the below blob.

\n\n

You must \"modify\" this JSON according to your own deployment. You must modify lines:

\n
    \n
  • 4 - Namespace
  • \n
  • 6 - Owner
  • \n
  • 23 - Container image link
  • \n
  • 25-27 - F5XC Container Registry
  • \n
\n

You can find the JSON config file here : link to Github 

\n

For the rest, we will modify it from the UI.

\n

Click SAVE

\n

 

\n
\n

Configure SAML settings and NGINX Reverse Proxy

\n
\n
\n

Configure SAML module

\n
\n

There are 2 files to configure SAML, but we will only configure one:

\n
    \n
  • Edit saml_sp_configuration.conf
  • \n
  • And configure according your SAML IDP, for Azure AD (Corporate Azure AD) I use the below settings
  • \n
\n

You can find demo configuration file in Github : link to Github 

\n
\n

Configure NGINX Reverse Proxy settings

\n
\n

As you can understand, the NGINX is the next hope after the F5 Distributed Cloud LB. It means NGINX will have to proxy the traffic to the backend application. In my demo, my backend application is on public Internet at http://sentence.emea.f5se.com

\n

I will configure the NGINX conf as usual to proxy toward this upstream. It is up to you to adapt the configuration for your apps.

\n

Edit frontend.conf file.

\n
# This is the backend application we are protecting with SAML SSO\nupstream my_backend {\n    zone my_backend 64k;\n​\n    server sentence.emea.f5se.com;\n}\n​\n# Custom log format to include the 'NameID' subject in the REMOTE_USER field\nlog_format saml_sso '$remote_addr - $saml_name_id [$time_local] \"$request\" '\n                    '$status $body_bytes_sent \"$http_referer\" '\n                    '\"$http_user_agent\" \"$http_x_forwarded_for\"';\n​\n# The frontend server - reverse proxy with SAML SSO authentication\n#\nserver {\n    # Functional locations implementing SAML SSO support\n    include conf.d/saml_sp.server_conf;\n​\n    # Reduce severity level as required\n    error_log /nginx/var/log/nginx/error.log debug;\n​\n    listen 8080;\n    #listen 443 ssl; # Use SSL/TLS in production\n    #ssl_certificate         /etc/nginx/ssl/server.crt;\n    #ssl_certificate_key     /etc/nginx/ssl/server.key;\n​\n​\n    location / {\n        # When a user is not authenticated (i.e., the \"saml_access_granted\"\n        # variable is not set to \"1\"), an HTTP 401 Unauthorized error is\n        # returned, which is handled by the @do_samlsp_flow named location.\n        error_page 401 = @do_samlsp_flow;\n​\n        if ($saml_access_granted != \"1\") {\n            return 401;\n        }\n​\n        # Successfully authenticated users are proxied to the backend,\n        # with the NameID attribute passed as an HTTP header\n        proxy_set_header username $saml_name_id;\n        proxy_set_header Host sentence.emea.f5se.com;\n        proxy_pass http://my_backend; # The backend site/app\n​\n        access_log /nginx/var/log/nginx/access.log saml_sso;\n    }\n}\n​\n# vim: syntax=nginx
\n

 

\n
\n

Import your IDP public key to validate SAML assertion signature

\n
\n

Download the IDP public cert (PEM format) and copy it into F5XC workload.

\n
    \n
  • Edit file saml_idp_verify.pem
  • \n
  • Paste the PEM payload
  • \n
\n

 

\n
\n

Configure the Origin Pool

\n
\n

As you probably understand, the Origin Pool forwards traffic to the NGINX so NGINX Plus can prompt the user for the SAML authentication, and when it's done and approved, proxy the traffic to the backend application.

\n

The Origin Pool is a service running in vk8s on port 8080 (name_of_the_workload.namespace). In my demo, I decided to create a virtual site with Paris' REs only. It's up to you to adapt your demo.

\n

 

\n\n

 

\n
\n

Configure F5 Distributed Cloud HTTP LB

\n
\n

Create an HTTP LB with Routes because we need to inject 2 headers to the Origin Pool (the NGINX) and also, DISABLE HOST REWRITE. We don't want to overwrite the host header, as NGINX needs to know the LB FQDN (For SAML redirection when user is authenticated successfully)

\n\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n

Click on Advanced Options and Add these 2 headers

\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
    \n
  • X-Forwarded-Proto
  • \n
  • X-Forwarded-Port
  • \n
\n

They are requested by the N+ OIDC module to redirect the user to the LB after the authentication. 

\n

 

\n\n

 

\n

Enable Persistency on HTTP LB

\n

 SAML is a stateful protocol. You must enable Persistency on LB in order to come back to the same POD during the SAML Handshake.

\n

 

\n\n

 

\n

You are DONE, congrats.

\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
","body@stringLength":"15244","rawBody":"
\n

SAML is a federation protocol used to authenticate users.

\n

F5 Distributed Cloud does not yet offer such a solution natively, but thanks to F5 portfolio, it is easy to deploy NGINX in F5 XC and enable SAML as Service Provider.

\n

To do so, we need:

\n\n

 

\n

This is the architecture

\n\n

 

\n

 

\n

 

\n
\n

Create the NGINX Plus docker image

\n
\n

In order to run NGINX Plus in vK8S, NGINX Plus needs to be built as Unprivileged. The NGINX daemon requires it to run as root, but this is not allowed in vK8S.

\n

You can find the GitHub repo with the Dockerfile and steps here : https://github.com/f5devcentral/nginx-unprivileged-f5xc

\n

When the image is created, upload it to a PRIVATE repository. NGINX Plus is not free, so don't push the image into a public repo. In our demo, we will use Azure Container Registry (ACR).

\n
\n

 

\n\n
\n

First of all, create a vK8S in your Namespace. Then create a F5 Distributed Cloud Container Registry (with Azure ACR, it is pretty easy - copy and paste the ACR hostname, username and password)

\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
 
\n
\n

Now, we are ready to deploy our NGINX Plus in vK8S and configure it as SAML SP.

\n

 

\n
\n

Create a Workload for N+

\n
\n

Create a new workload and instead of creating all objects manually, paste this JSON into the console. To do so, click on the top left corner to JSON and past the below blob.

\n\n

You must \"modify\" this JSON according to your own deployment. You must modify lines:

\n
    \n
  • 4 - Namespace
  • \n
  • 6 - Owner
  • \n
  • 23 - Container image link
  • \n
  • 25-27 - F5XC Container Registry
  • \n
\n

You can find the JSON config file here : link to Github 

\n

For the rest, we will modify it from the UI.

\n

Click SAVE

\n

 

\n
\n

Configure SAML settings and NGINX Reverse Proxy

\n
\n
\n

Configure SAML module

\n
\n

There are 2 files to configure SAML, but we will only configure one:

\n
    \n
  • Edit saml_sp_configuration.conf
  • \n
  • And configure according your SAML IDP, for Azure AD (Corporate Azure AD) I use the below settings
  • \n
\n

You can find demo configuration file in Github : link to Github 

\n
\n

Configure NGINX Reverse Proxy settings

\n
\n

As you can understand, the NGINX is the next hope after the F5 Distributed Cloud LB. It means NGINX will have to proxy the traffic to the backend application. In my demo, my backend application is on public Internet at http://sentence.emea.f5se.com

\n

I will configure the NGINX conf as usual to proxy toward this upstream. It is up to you to adapt the configuration for your apps.

\n

Edit frontend.conf file.

\n# This is the backend application we are protecting with SAML SSO\nupstream my_backend {\n zone my_backend 64k;\n​\n server sentence.emea.f5se.com;\n}\n​\n# Custom log format to include the 'NameID' subject in the REMOTE_USER field\nlog_format saml_sso '$remote_addr - $saml_name_id [$time_local] \"$request\" '\n '$status $body_bytes_sent \"$http_referer\" '\n '\"$http_user_agent\" \"$http_x_forwarded_for\"';\n​\n# The frontend server - reverse proxy with SAML SSO authentication\n#\nserver {\n # Functional locations implementing SAML SSO support\n include conf.d/saml_sp.server_conf;\n​\n # Reduce severity level as required\n error_log /nginx/var/log/nginx/error.log debug;\n​\n listen 8080;\n #listen 443 ssl; # Use SSL/TLS in production\n #ssl_certificate /etc/nginx/ssl/server.crt;\n #ssl_certificate_key /etc/nginx/ssl/server.key;\n​\n​\n location / {\n # When a user is not authenticated (i.e., the \"saml_access_granted\"\n # variable is not set to \"1\"), an HTTP 401 Unauthorized error is\n # returned, which is handled by the @do_samlsp_flow named location.\n error_page 401 = @do_samlsp_flow;\n​\n if ($saml_access_granted != \"1\") {\n return 401;\n }\n​\n # Successfully authenticated users are proxied to the backend,\n # with the NameID attribute passed as an HTTP header\n proxy_set_header username $saml_name_id;\n proxy_set_header Host sentence.emea.f5se.com;\n proxy_pass http://my_backend; # The backend site/app\n​\n access_log /nginx/var/log/nginx/access.log saml_sso;\n }\n}\n​\n# vim: syntax=nginx\n

 

\n
\n

Import your IDP public key to validate SAML assertion signature

\n
\n

Download the IDP public cert (PEM format) and copy it into F5XC workload.

\n
    \n
  • Edit file saml_idp_verify.pem
  • \n
  • Paste the PEM payload
  • \n
\n

 

\n
\n

Configure the Origin Pool

\n
\n

As you probably understand, the Origin Pool forwards traffic to the NGINX so NGINX Plus can prompt the user for the SAML authentication, and when it's done and approved, proxy the traffic to the backend application.

\n

The Origin Pool is a service running in vk8s on port 8080 (name_of_the_workload.namespace). In my demo, I decided to create a virtual site with Paris' REs only. It's up to you to adapt your demo.

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Configure F5 Distributed Cloud HTTP LB

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Create an HTTP LB with Routes because we need to inject 2 headers to the Origin Pool (the NGINX) and also, DISABLE HOST REWRITE. We don't want to overwrite the host header, as NGINX needs to know the LB FQDN (For SAML redirection when user is authenticated successfully)

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Click on Advanced Options and Add these 2 headers

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  • X-Forwarded-Proto
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  • X-Forwarded-Port
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They are requested by the N+ OIDC module to redirect the user to the LB after the authentication. 

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Enable Persistency on HTTP LB

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 SAML is a stateful protocol. You must enable Persistency on LB in order to come back to the same POD during the SAML Handshake.

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You are DONE, congrats.

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Enable SAML Service Provider role on F5 Distributed Cloud Application. NGINX Plus is deployed in F5 Distributed Cloud infrastructure to enable it.

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Great article Matt_Dierick . Another good question is if you can send traffic to a not public application without public ip address that is connected with a CE Edge using Nginx on RE as using Nginx on CE with vK8s will solve this but I wonder if there is a way to use the NGINX on the RE and then forward traffic to the CE Edge.

\n

Maybe if an LB is created on the local CE node and NGINX has in the server farm the LB ip address that on the CE but I never tested this if traffic will be forwarded from the RE to the CE using the IPsec tunnel.

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Nikoolayy1 I'm almost 99,9999% sure we can do it as the N+ in vk8s has access to the F5XC internal DNS to resolve the internal LB exposed on the CE.

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Matt_Dierick  I can confirm that you are right as just the LB that is going to connect the backend app through the CE tunnel to the NGINX on the RE needs to advertised to the kubernetes on the RE as shown in f5devcentral/xchacedemoguide (github.com) and then the NGINX will use the internal kubernetes DNS with the LB domain name.

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