security

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Integrating Security Solutions with F5 BIG-IP SSL Orchestrator
What are Security Services? SSL Orchestrator supports a wide variety of Security Services. A “Service” is defined as a device that SSL Orchestrator passes decrypted traffic to. A Service can be Layer 2 or 3. It can be unidirectional (TAP). It can be an ICAP server. It can be an Explicit or Transparent HTTP proxy. Security Services need to inspect content that is not encrypted. SSL Orchestrator handles the decryption so the Service can inspect it for threats, enforce certain policies, prevent sensitive data from leaving the network and much more. A Next Generation Firewall, or NGFW, is a common Service type. A NGFW is a network security device that extends traditional firewall capabilities by incorporating features like deep packet inspection, intrusion prevention, and application control to protect against advanced cyber threats. A NGFW is commonly deployed as a Layer 2 or 3 device. A sandbox is another common Service type. Sandboxes look for malware and other threats by analyzing potentially malicious content in a controlled environment. A sandbox is a secure, isolated environment where suspicious code or applications can be executed and observed without the risk of infecting the host or network. A Sandbox is commonly deployed as a Layer 2 device. A Secure Web Gateway (SWG) is a network security solution that acts as a central point of control for all web traffic, filtering and inspecting it to protect against malware, phishing, and other web-based threats, while enforcing security policies. This solution has evolved over the years and may also be referred to as a Secure Access Service Edge (SASE) or Security Service Edge (SSE). A SWG is often deployed as an HTTP Proxy. Data Loss Prevention (DLP) is a cybersecurity solution designed to prevent the unauthorized access, use, or transmission of sensitive data. DLP is often deployed as an ICAP server. A network TAP device is a passive component that allows non-intrusive access to data flowing across a network, enabling monitoring and analysis of network traffic without disruption. A TAP receives a copy of the decrypted traffic so it can analyze it in the background. An HTTP proxy is commonly used as a SWG solution but is flexible and can be used for other purposes. An HTTP proxy may be used to cache web content, authenticate users and log all connections. An HTTP proxy may also be used for what is called “Web Isolation” or “Browser Isolation”. This security solution acts as an intermediary between users and web content. Offering a virtualized “view” of web content that is completely safe to users and the network itself. Which vendors or products? SSL Orchestrator supports all leading NGFW vendors and has generic support for any NGFW that is not specifically supported. Vendors/products supported include Palo Alto Networks NGFW, Check Point Security, Cisco Firepower, Fortinet FortiGate, McAfee/Trellix, Trend Micro and more. SSL Orchestrator also supports all leading Sandbox vendors and has generic support for any Sandbox that is not specifically supported. Vendors/products supported include FireEye/Trellix, Symantec and more. Most Secure Web Gateway (SWG) solutions are supported by SSL Orchestrator. Vendors/products supported include Cisco WSA, Forcepoint, Fortinet, McAfee/Trellix, Symantec/Broadcom ProxySG and many more. SSL Orchestrator supports all leading Data Loss Prevention (DLP) vendors and has generic support for any DLP solution that is not specifically supported. Vendors/products supported include Digital Guardian, McAfee/Trellix, Opswat, Symantec/Broadcom and more. Some of the TAP vendors supported by SSL Orchestrator are Palo Alto, McAfee/Trellix, RSA Netwitness, Trend Micro and Netscout. SSL Orchestrator supports HTTP proxies from the following vendors: Cisco, Forcepoint, Fortinet, McAfee/Trellix, Symantec/Broadcom and Squid. Service Deployment type Services can be deployed in a variety of different ways. SSL Orchestrator supports most, if not all of these deployment types. The common deployments are listed and described below: A Layer 2 device (bridging/bump-in-wire) refers to connectivity without IP Address configuration. Layer 2 devices pass all traffic from one interface to another interface. A Layer 3 device (typical NAT) refers to IP Address to IP Address connectivity. Layer 3 devices must be specifically configured to work in a network. An Explicit Proxy device also utilizes IP Address to IP Address connectivity. However, in this case, web applications have to be specifically configured to use an Explicit Proxy. A Transparent Proxy device also utilizes IP Address to IP Address connectivity. In this case, web applications DO NOT need to be configured to use a Proxy. Other type of devices are supported, like an ICAP server or TAP device. An ICAP server is often used for Data Loss Prevention (DLP). A TAP device is often used for passive visibility as it receives an exact copy of the decrypted traffic. Service Creation Services can be added, removed or edited from the Services tab of the SSL Orchestrator configuration utility. Services are divided into the different Service deployment types. Layer 2 The following Layer 2 Services are available: Layer 3 The following Layer 3 Services are available: Inline HTTP The following Inline HTTP Services are available: ICAP The following ICAP Services are available: TAP The following TAP Services are available: F5 SSL Orchestrator also supports F5 Solutions as Services. The following F5 Services are available: Examples Here’s an example of a Cisco Firepower Service deployed in Layer 3 mode: An IP Address and VLAN are selected for connectivity to the Service. The IP Address of the Cisco Firepower is specified. An IP Address and VLAN are selected for connectivity from the Service. Here’s an example of a Palo Alto NGFW Service deployed in Layer 2 mode: A From and To VLAN is specified for connectivity from/to the Service. Note: IP addressing is not used with a Layer 2 Service Here’s an example of an Opswat MetaDefender ICAP Service: An IP Address and port are specified for connectivity To/From the ICAP server. Some ICAP server specific settings are also needed. Here’s an example of a Netscout TAP Service: The mac address of the Netscout is specified. The VLAN and interface for connectivity to the Netscout is also specified. Creating a Service Chain Service Chains are user-defined groupings of one or more Services. Multiple Service Chains are supported. There are no restrictions on the type of Services that can be in a Service Chain. For example: a Service Chain can consist of one or more Layer 2 devices, and one or more Layer 3 devices, and so on. Service Chains can be added, removed or edited from the Service Chains tab of the SSL Orchestrator configuration utility. Available Services will be listed on the left. One or more Services can be moved into the Service Chain. The Service Chain Order is easily configurable. Conclusion F5 BIG-IP SSL Orchestrator makes it easy to simplify and deploy your security stack. SSL Orchestrator supports virtually all available security and visibility solutions. It is able to seamlessly integrate security solutions whether they are deployed as Layer 2, Layer 3, Inline HTTP, ICAP or TAP.
KevinGallaugher
Apr 24, 2025 Place Technical Articles
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Mutual TSL Between Two BigIPs
Hello, I am trying to determine how Mutual TLS (mTLS) can be implemented between 2 Big IPs for API calls. The certificates will reside on the two BigIPs where the authentication will occur. The objective is to isolate the applications such that no changes are required to the applications or certs need to be loaded exchanged between the apps and the Big IP. Based a several AI searches, this is possible but haven't been able to find explicit documentation on if it is supported and how it can be implemented. Any help is appreciated. Client App --> BigIP 1 -mTLS- Big IP 2 --> Server App
Ramon7
Apr 24, 2025 Place Technical Forum
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Modern Applications-Demystifying Ingress solutions flavors
In this article, we explore the different ingress services provided by F5 and how those solutions fit within our environment. With different ingress services flavors, you gain the ability to interact with your microservices at different points, allowing for flexible, secure deployment. The ingress services tools can be summarized into two main categories, Management plane: NGINX One BIG-IP CIS Traffic plane: NGINX Ingress Controller / Plus / App Protect / Service Mesh BIG-IP Next for Kubernetes Cloud Native Functions (CNFs) Ingress controller F5 Distributed Cloud Customer Edge (CE) Ingress solutions definitions In this section we go quickly through the Ingress services to understand the concept for each service, and then later move to the use cases’ comparison. BIG-IP Next for Kubernetes Kubernetes' native networking architecture does not inherently support multi-network integration or non-HTTP/HTTPS protocols, creating operational and security challenges for complex deployments. BIG-IP Next for Kubernetes addresses these limitations by centralizing ingress and egress traffic control, aligning with Kubernetes design principles to integrate with existing security frameworks and broader network infrastructure. This reduces operational overhead by consolidating cross-network traffic management into a unified ingress/egress point, eliminating the need for multiple external firewalls that traditionally require isolated configuration. The solution enables zero-trust security models through granular policy enforcement and provides robust threat mitigation, including DDoS protection, by replacing fragmented security measures with a centralized architecture. Additionally, BIG-IP Next supports 5G Core deployments by managing North/South traffic flows in containerized environments, facilitating use cases such as network slicing and multi-access edge computing (MEC). These capabilities enable dynamic resource allocation aligned with application-specific or customer-driven requirements, ensuring scalable, secure connectivity for next-generation 5G consumer and enterprise solutions while maintaining compatibility with existing network and security ecosystems. Cloud Native Functions (CNFs) BIG-IP Next for Kubernetes enables the advanced networking, traffic management and security functionalities; CNFs enables additional advanced services. VNFs and CNFs can be consolidated in the S/Gi-LAN or the N6 LAN in 5G networks. A consolidated approach results in simpler management and operation, reduced operational costs up to reduced TCO by 60% and more opportunities to monetize functions and services. Functions can include DNS, Edge Firewall, DDoS, Policy Enforcer, and more. BIG-IP Next CNFs provide scalable, automated, resilient, manageable, and observable cloud-native functions and applications. Support dynamic elasticity, occupy a smaller footprint with fast restart, and use continuous deployment and automation principles. NGINX for Kubernetes NGINX is known for its great performance in microservices environments; NGINX takes care of service-level functionalities at the application level. The differentiator in case we need to deploy CNFs or NGINX for Kubernetes is the bandwidth and required internal service flows. While BIG-IP Next for Kubernetes/CNF make use of F5 own TMM to perform application delivery and security, NGINX rely on Kernel to perform some network level functions like NAT, IP tables and routing. So it’s a matter of the architecture of your environment to go with one or both options to enhance your application delivery and security experience. BIG-IP Container Ingress Services (CIS) BIG-IP CIS works on management flow. The CIS service is deployed at Kubernetes cluster, sending information on created Pods to an integrated BIG-IP external to Kubernetes environment. This allows to automatically create LTM pools and forwarding traffic based on pool members health. This service allows for application teams to focus on microservice development and automatically update BIG-IP, allowing for easier configuration management. Use cases categorization Let’s talk in use cases terms to make it more related to the field and our day-to-day work, NGINX One Access to NGINX commercial products, support for open-source, and the option to add WAF. Unified dashboard and APIs to discover and manage your NGINX instances. Identify and fix configuration errors quickly and easily with the NGINX One configuration recommendation engine. Quickly diagnose bottlenecks and act immediately with real-time performance monitoring across all NGINX instances. Enforce global security polices across diverse environments. Real-time vulnerability management identifies and addresses CVEs in NGINX instances. Visibility into compliance issues across diverse app ecosystems. Update groups of NGINX systems simultaneously with a single configuration file change. Unified view of your NGINX fleet for collaboration, performance tuning, and troubleshooting. NGINX One to automate manual configuration and updating tasks for security and platform teams. BIG-IP CIS Enable self-service Ingress HTTP routing and app services selection by subscribing to events to automatically configure performance, routing, and security services on BIG-IP. Integrate with the BIG-IP platform to scale apps for availability and enable app services insertion. In addition, integrate with the BIG-IP system and NGINX for Ingress load balancing. BIG-IP Next for Kubernetes Supports ingress and egress traffic management and routing for seamless integration to multiple networks. Enables support for 4G and 5G protocols that are not supported by Kubernetes—such as Diameter, SIP, GTP, SCTP, and more. BIG-IP Next for Kubernetes enables security services applied at ingress and egress, such as firewalling and DDoS. Topology hiding at ingress obscures the internal structure within the cluster. As a central point of control, per-subscriber traffic visibility at ingress and egress allows traceability for compliance tracking and billing. Support for multi-tenancy and network isolation for AI applications, enabling efficient deployment of multiple users and workloads on a single AI infrastructure. F5 Cloud Native Functions (CNFs) Add containerized services for example Firewall, DDoS, and Intrusion Prevention System (IPS) technology Based on F5 BIG-IP AFM. Ease IPv6 migration and improve network scalability and security with IPv4 address management. Deploy as part of a security strategy. Support DNS Caching, DNS over HTTPS (DoH). Supports advanced policy and traffic management use cases. Improve QoE and ARPU with tools like traffic classification, video management and subscriber awareness. NGINX Ingress Controller Provide L4-L7 NGINX services within Kubernetes cluster. Manage user and service identities and authorize access and actions with HTTP Basic authentication, JSON Web Tokens (JWTs), OpenID Connect (OIDC), and role-based access control (RBAC). Secure incoming and outgoing communications through end-to-end encryption (SSL/TLS passthrough, TLS termination). Collect, monitor, and analyze data through prebuilt integrations with leading ecosystem tools, including OpenTelemetry, Grafana, Prometheus, and Jaeger. Ingress controller F5 Distributed Cloud Customer Edge (CE) The F5 Ingress Controller is supported only for Sites running Managed Kubernetes, also known as Physical K8s (PK8s). Deployment of the ingress controller is supported only using Helm. The Ingress Controller manages external access to HTTP services in a Kubernetes cluster using the F5 Distributed Cloud Services Platform. The ingress controller is a K8s deployment that configures the HTTP Load Balancer using the K8s ingress manifest file. The Ingress Controller automates the creation of load balancer and other required objects such as VIP, Layer 7 routes (path-based routing), advertise policy, certificate creation (k8s secrets or automatic custom certificate) Conclusion As you can see, the diverse Ingress controllers tools give you more flexibility, tailoring your architecture based on organization requirements and maintain application delivery and security practices across your applications ecosystem. Related Content and Technical demos BIG-IP Next SPK: a Kubernetes native ingress and egress gateway for Telco workloads F5 BIG-IP Next CNF solutions suite of Kubernetes native 5G Network Functions Announcing F5 NGINX Ingress Controller v4.0.0 | DevCentral JWT authorization with NGINX Ingress Controller My first CRD deployment with CIS | DevCentral BIG-IP Next for Kubernetes BIG-IP Next for Kubernetes (LA) BIG-IP Next Cloud-Native Network Functions (CNFs) CNF Home F5 NGINX Ingress Controller Overview of F5 BIG-IP Container Ingress Services NGINX One
momahdy
Apr 23, 2025 Place Technical Articles
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VulnCon 2025, EU CRA, CVE funding, Smishing Kit
Notable security news for the week of April 13th through April 20th. Your editor this week is Chris from the F5 Security Incident Response Team. A bit of a different format this week as I was in Raleigh for VulnCon 2025 the previous week. I will discuss highlights from that as well as notable events from the past week. VulnCon 2025 The 2025 Vulnerability Management Ecosystem Collaboration, Ideation, and Action Conference (aka “VulnCon”), which was sponsored by FIRST and the CVE Program, was held from April 7th through April 10th this year. The aim of this conference is to promote collaboration between various vulnerability management and cybersecurity professionals to better help the whole cybersecurity ecosystem. Key topics that were highlighted this year were the EU's Cyber Resilience Act (CRA), Vulnerability Exploitability eXchange (VEX), Cybersecurity Assurance Framework (CSAF), and publishing more complete CVE records or Vulnrichment. I will discuss the CRA in the next paragraph. VEX facilitates the exchange of vulnerability information, fostering collaboration to swiftly address emerging threats. Concurrently, CSAF ensures a standardized approach to cybersecurity practices. One of the pushes that was discussed was to get security scanners to start ingesting VEX to help decrease the amount of false positives and focus more on vulnerabilities that are exploitable. As for Vulnrichment, it is alarming that a large number of CVEs that are disclosed every year do not include Common Weakness Enumerations (CWE) or Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) scores. I agree that adding this information at a minimum would be very beneficial to both the consumers as well as the vendor. The vendor is in the best position to assign these in a more accurate manner since they are most familiar with the products. https://www.first.org/conference/vulncon2025/ https://openssf.org/blog/2023/09/07/vdr-vex-openvex-and-csaf/ EU Cyber Resilience Act (CRA) The Cyber Resilience Act introduces mandatory cybersecurity requirements for hardware and software products, throughout their whole lifecycle. The main goals of this act are to ensure that products with digital elements placed on the EU market have fewer vulnerabilities that Manufacturers remain responsible for cybersecurity throughout a product’s life cycle, improve transparency on security of hardware and software products and bring benefits to business users and consumers from better protection. Products will bear the CE marking as is common with many other products sold, which means they have been assessed to meet high safety, health, and environmental protection requirements. The three main roles that are laid out are: Manufacturers: If you develop or manufacture products with "digital elements" for sale in the EU. Open-Source Software (OSS) Stewards: Entity other than a manufacturer that provides support on a sustained basis for the development of specific products with digital elements, qualifying as free and open-source software and intended for commercial activities, and that ensures the viability of those products. Examples of this would be the Linux Foundation, Apache Foundation, etc.... OSS Developers: Upstream maintainer or developer of open-source software that is used by the manufacturer. The key point to note in this distinction of these three roles is that if there is a vulnerability exploited in open-source software, the manufacturer is the one held liable. The OSS Steward and the OSS Developers are not being held liable. This makes it a good idea to develop working relationships with the OSS upstream developers for when emergencies do arise. Now to focus on the manufacturer requirements. I will not touch all of them as the CRA is a large document but will point out some of the key topics. Secure-By-Default and Secure-By-Design principles will now be a requirement and not just a pledge. Products with digital elements shall be delivered without any known exploitable vulnerabilities. Manufacturers will need to provide evidence that the product was checked before release. A risk assessment will need to be provided with the product and the contents of that assessment are laid out in Annex I of the document. Manufactures must be able to provide SBOMS in either SPDX or CycloneDX format at the request of authorities. Manufacturers must , address and remediate vulnerabilities without delay, which includes providing security updates. Manufacturers must provide support for a minimum of 5 years, including security updates and that each security update remains available after it has been issued for a minimum of 10 years or for the remainder of the support period, whichever is longer. There are also reporting requirements. Highlight a couple of them; they pertain to actively exploited vulnerabilities and severe incidents having an impact on the security of the product. An early warning notification of an actively exploited vulnerability or severe incident, without undue delay and in any event within 24 hours of the manufacturer becoming aware of it. Then "an incident notification, without undue delay and in any event within 72 hours of the manufacturer becoming aware of the incident, which shall provide general information, where available, about the nature of the incident, an initial assessment of the incident, as well as any corrective or mitigating measures taken, and corrective or mitigating measures that users can take, and which shall also indicate, where applicable, how sensitive the manufacturer considers the notified information to be". That was taken from the document and you can see how thorough they are being when detailing what to report. The final report will need to be submitted by 14 days for active exploits and one month for severe incidents. Then to explain where to report: "The notification shall be submitted using the electronic notification end-point of the CSIRT designated as coordinator of the Member State where the manufacturers have their main establishment in the Union and shall be simultaneously accessible to ENISA". This means that the manufacturer will need to choose one of the European country's CSIRT teams to be the point of contact. As for the consequences of non-compliance, the EU is not playing around with that either: Non-compliance with the essential cybersecurity requirements set out in Annex I and the obligations set out in Articles 13 and 14 shall be subject to administrative fines of up to EUR 15,000,000 or, if the offender is an undertaking, up to 2.5% of its total worldwide annual turnover for the preceding financial year, whichever is higher. Non-compliance with the obligations set out in Articles 18 to 23, Article 28, Article 30(1) to (4), Article 31(1) to (4), Article 32(1), (2) and (3), Article 33(5), and Articles 39, 41, 47, 49 and 53 shall be subject to administrative fines of up to EUR 10,000,000 or, if the offender is an undertaking, up to 2% of its total worldwide annual turnover for the preceding financial year, whichever is higher. The supply of incorrect, incomplete or misleading information to notified bodies and market surveillance authorities in reply to a request shall be subject to administrative fines of up to EUR 5,000,000 or, if the offender is an undertaking, up to 1% of its total worldwide annual turnover for the preceding financial year, whichever is higher. To explain those bullet points more simply, everything I mentioned above about manufacturer requirements and reporting all fall under Annex I or Articles 13 and 14 so would be subject to the most severe penalties per incident. As for the timelines of this act, the CRA was officially adopted on October 10, 2024, and entered into force on December 10, 2024. However, the CRA's main obligations will apply starting from December 11, 2027. Some earlier obligations will apply, such as the reporting of vulnerabilities and severe incidents, starting from September 11, 2026. Additionally, the rules on conformity assessment bodies will be applicable from June 11, 2026. https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/cyber-resilience-act https://github.com/SecurityCRob/presentations/blob/main/CRA%20PSIRT%20TL_DR.pdf CVE Program Funding The Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) program, managed by MITRE, was facing funding expiration on April 16, 2025. The program is essential for identifying and tracking security vulnerabilities in software and hardware. Without funding, the CVE program would stop adding new vulnerabilities, which could lead to significant impacts on national vulnerability databases, cybersecurity tools, incident response operations, and critical infrastructure. MITRE's Vice President Yosry Barsoum expressed hope that the government is making efforts to continue supporting the program. Luckily, the Department of Homeland Security's (DHS) Cybersecurity & Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) was able to secure funding at the last moment, to fund the program for 11 more months. This is despite ongoing budget and staffing cuts to CISA by the current administration. The cybersecurity community has expressed concern over the potential loss of the CVE program, emphasizing its importance in standardizing vulnerability information and aiding in the timely patching of security flaws. On April 16, MITRE announced the creation of a non-profit entity called "The CVE Foundation" to continue the program's work under a new funding mechanism. https://krebsonsecurity.com/2025/04/funding-expires-for-key-cyber-vulnerability-database/ The CVE Foundation The CVE Foundation was launched to secure the future of the CVE Program. The CVE Foundation was formally established on April 16, 2025, to ensure the long-term viability, stability, and independence of the Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) Program. The CVE Program has been a U.S. government-funded initiative for 25 years, raising concerns about sustainability and neutrality due to its reliance on a single government sponsor. MITRE notified the CVE Board on April 15, 2025, that the U.S. government would not renew its contract for managing the program. In response, a coalition of CVE Board members developed a strategy to transition CVE to a dedicated, non-profit foundation to continue delivering high-quality vulnerability identification. CVE identifiers and data are crucial for cybersecurity professionals worldwide, aiding in security tools, advisories, threat intelligence, and response. Going forward, the CVE Foundation aims to eliminate a single point of failure in the vulnerability management ecosystem and ensure the CVE Program remains globally trusted and community-driven. https://www.thecvefoundation.org/home Pay Your Tolls!! About 3 and a half years ago, I was driving into Denver on Interstate 70 coming from the East. I had no need to drive through Denver as I was heading north through Wyoming anyway. Well, a few miles before the city there was an offramp for E-470, a toll highway that would bypass Denver and connect to I-25 a few miles north of the city. I had never used a toll highway before since I live in Eastern Washington where they are unheard of. I was picturing a scene out of a movie where you pull up to a booth and pay an attendant. I was surprised as I merged onto the highway and everyone was driving at 60+ MPH. I saw a sign that stated the system used E-ZPass and would scan the license plate. Fast forward a few months and I receive a bill in the mail from E-ZPass, a pretty nice way to bypass driving through the middle of a large city, I thought. Now, unfortunately, a smishing campaign is targeting that same system to trick victims into giving them their payment information. Since mid-October 2024, multiple financially motivated threat actors have been using a smishing kit developed by "Wang Duo Yu" to target toll road users in eight U.S. states. The campaign impersonates U.S. electronic toll collection systems like E-ZPass, sending SMS messages and Apple iMessages about unpaid tolls, urging recipients to click on fake links. Victims are prompted to solve a fake CAPTCHA challenge and enter personal and financial information on fraudulent pages, which is then siphoned off to the threat actors. Wang Duo Yu, a computer science student in China, is alleged to be the creator of the phishing kits used by the Smishing Triad, a Chinese organized cybercrime group. The Smishing Triad has conducted large-scale smishing attacks targeting postal services in 121 countries, using failed package delivery lures to harvest personal and financial information. Services like Oak Tel facilitate smishing on a global scale, allowing cybercriminals to send bulk SMS and manage campaigns efficiently. I have personally received 2 or 3 of these over the past few months. Luckily, I know the one time I drove on a toll road, so it was obvious to me that this was fake. I worry about people that are using these systems more regularly that may fall victim. https://thehackernews.com/2025/04/chinese-smishing-kit-behind-widespread.html
Christopher_Pa1
Apr 23, 2025 Place Security Insights
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Driving Down Cost & Complexity: App Migration in the Cloud
Introduction The digital transformation journey for many organizations involves migrating applications to the cloud. This process, while beneficial, can be fraught with challenges related to cost, complexity, and security. This white paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview of how organizations can drive down costs and simplify the complexity of app migrations to the cloud, leveraging solutions from F5. The Pain of App Migrations App migrations are often driven by the need for cost optimization, meeting business requirements, and responding to external factors and market pressures. However, the process can be painful due to delays in internal processes, budget constraints, and the need for secure migrations without publicly advertising the app or its API endpoints. The app migration process can be divided into the following phases: Plan: Determine if a lift and shift or refactor is needed and estimate the time required 3 Prepare: Assess infrastructure, ensure compliance and security requirements 4 Build: Begin migrating the application or refactoring the process Pre-Production Testing: Test in staging environments and check for vulnerabilities Production Testing: Run new and legacy environments in production and test for resilience Go Live: Deploy the application to the production environment Decommission Legacy App: Proceed with the decommissioning of the legacy app Individuals within organizations can identify app migration opportunities by listening for key pain points such as the need to consolidate cloud applications; changes in VMware's contract terms, challenges in ongoing migrations, plans for datacenter consolidation, and timelines for new application cutovers. Key persons looking to migrate apps are… VP of IT: Manages IT operations and ensures systems run smoothly Cloud Architect: Designs and implements cloud infrastructure SecOps: Ensures the security posture of apps, focusing on threat detection, incident response, and compliance DevOps: Ensures smooth integration between development and operations, optimizing the deployment pipeline and managing CI/CD workflows Whether your migration is between cloud providers or on-prem, F5’s solution seamlessly ties together all the ends. The Process: Migrating Apps with F5 Comprised of three integrated components to accelerate time to market and reduce redundancies, an F5 solution provides: Deployable Software (CE): Abstracts multi-environment complexity Distributed Cloud App Connect: Provides app connectivity and secure network overlay SaaS-Console: Offers universal visibility and consistent policy enforcement F5 Distributed Cloud Services simplify app migrations by ensuring observability, security, and compliance. End-to-end visibility is maintained throughout the migration, traffic is balanced across both environments, and consistent security policies are enforced. CE’s, deployable to most hypervisors, virtual platforms, and most public cloud providers, deliver many L3 and L7 services and capabilities, some of which include the following: Single dashboard view Multi-site support Multi-tenancy Native service discovery L7 load balancing L3 firewall L3 routing, including with BGP Network segmentation L3 VPN SNAT DHCP Server For migrations that include RedHat OpenShift Virtualization or Nutanix AH-V, free tools are available from each to move virtual machines between environments. For OpenShift, use the Migration toolkit for virtualization (MTV), and for Nutanix, use Nutanix Move. Regardless of the provider or platform, with an F5 XC CE at each location, re-connect the workloads on your VM’s without making any changes. Using F5 XC App Connect or Network Connect, extend L7 or L3 network services with any combination of L7 HTTP load balancing or L3 routing (and use SNAT policies only as needed). Demo The following video shows two migration scenarios and how using F5 XC simplifies the task. The first part covers how to migrate app VMs from a VMWare environment to one powered by RedHat OpenShift Virtualization. In the second part, I show how to use Nutanix Move to migrate VM’s between Nutanix clusters from one cloud provider to another. In both scenarios, F5 XC CE’s are configured to use App Connect to seamlessly deliver connectivity and security. This allows both migrations to happen without downtime to applications. Video: https://youtu.be/SEuSvcyxWDU Conclusion Migrating applications to the cloud can be a time consuming and costly process, but with the right strategies and solutions, organizations can overcome these challenges. F5's integrated components and services provide the necessary tools to simplify migrations, ensure security, and optimize cost. Additional Resources Scale Your DMZ with F5 Distributed Cloud Services Seamless Application Migration to OpenShift Virtualization with F5 Distributed Cloud Deploying F5 Distributed Cloud Customer Edge in Red Hat OpenShift Virtualization VMware NSX to Red Hat OpenShift Virtualization Migration with F5 Distributed Cloud How I Did it - Migrating Applications to Nutanix NC2 with F5 Distributed Cloud Secure Multicloud Networking
Dave_Potter
Apr 23, 2025 Place Technical Articles
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Which encyrtion algorithm is used when making Kerberos ticket encyrtion.
Which algorithm is used when making Kerberos ticket encyrtion. Hello, we have created and installed all encyrption methods as all in the keytab file. Now how can I see which encyrption method is used by the application that does kerberos authentication on F5? We will detect applications that use old encyption methods and force them to use the new methods. It would be great if anyone has any experience, suggestions or knowledge on how to solve this issue.
Ozzy
Apr 23, 2025 Place Technical Forum
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Introducing the New F5 Bot Defense Self-Service UI
Bot Defense Advanced protects your web and mobile application endpoints from automated attacks by identifying and mitigating malicious or bad bots. For more information about Bot Defense Advanced features, see Bot Defense Overview Important: Bot Defense Advanced Self-Service Policy Management is an Early Access feature. Step 1: Sign Up for Bot Defense Advanced To enable Bot Defense Advanced, contact your F5 Technical Account Manager (TAM). Once enabled, your TAM and the F5 Services team help you quickly get your Bot Defense Advanced infrastructure and policies configured to protect your applications from automated attacks, such as credential stuffing, denial of service, web scraping and so on. As your applications change and you add new endpoints to your environment, you can use Bot Defense Advanced Self-Service Policy Management to make changes to your policies, or you can contact your TAM for assistance. To make changes to your Bot infrastructure, contact your TAM. Bot Defense Advanced Self-Service Policy Management is available from the Distributed Cloud Console. You must have one or more of the following permissions: f5xc-bot-defense-admin role: Provides advanced administrative access, including service activation. f5xc-bot-defense-user role: Provides read and write access to bot policies and read access to bot infrastructure. This role also grants permission to deploy new bot policy versions. f5xc-bot-defense-monitor role: Provides read-only access to bot infrastructure, bot policies and dashboards. f5xc-bot-defense-report role: Provides permissions to create and manage monthly Bot Defense reports. If you do not have any of these roles, contact your Bot Defense administrator or your TAM. Step 2: Decide What You Want to Protect You must decide which endpoints you want to protect with Bot Defense. For information about what to consider when you configure web and mobile endpoints, see the following information: Protect Web-Based Endpoints Protect Mobile Endpoints Step 3: Configure Your Bot Policies Bot Defense Advanced provides three system policies that allow you to control system configuration settings: Bot Endpoint Policy Bot Allowlist Policy Bot Network Policy The F5 Operations team performs a site analysis and creates the initial version of each policy and then works with you to deploy the policies in your Bot Infrastructure. Bot Defense Advanced Self-Service Policy Management allows you to make and deploy any necessary changes to your policies, for example, to protect new endpoints, update mitigation actions, add new clients to the allowlist or to add new network routes. If you prefer, you can also work with your F5 Operations Team to make these changes. Use the Distributed Cloud Console to view and manage your policies, including details of current and past policy versions. Step 4: Test Your Configuration Use the Test cluster provided to you by F5 to test your Bot Defense deployment and help ensure that Bot Defense policies are properly configured, that JavaScript tags are injected in your application pages correctly, or that you have correctly integrated the mobile SDK. For information, see Test Your Bot Defense Advanced Configuration. Step 5: Deploy Policies in Your Production Environment After you verify in your test environment that Bot Defense is configured correctly and correctly identifying automated traffic, work with your F5 Operations team to deploy your policies in a production environment. Bot Defense Advanced Self-Service Policy Management Demo: Related Resources: Deploy Bot Defense on any Edge with F5 Distributed Cloud (SaaS Console, Automation) Protecting Your Web Applications Against Critical OWASP Automated Threats Making Mobile SDK Integration Ridiculously Easy with F5 XC Mobile SDK Integrator JavaScript Supply Chains, Magecart, and F5 XC Client-Side Defense (Demo) Bots, Fraud, and the OWASP Automated Threats Project (Overview) Protecting Your Native Mobile Apps with F5 XC Mobile App Shield Enabling F5 Distributed Cloud Client-Side Defense in BIG-IP 17.1 Bot Defense for Mobile Apps in XC WAAP Part 1: The Bot Defense Mobile SDK F5 Distributed Cloud WAAP Distributed Cloud Services Overview Enable and Configure Bot Defense - F5 Distributed Cloud Service
Kyle_Roberts
Apr 22, 2025 Place Technical Articles
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EV Car Hacking, AI bypass KYC, LLM does not trust human, and Active Cyber Defense
This Week In Security April 6-12 edition. In this article, discussing these topics: EV Car Hacking, AI bypass KYC, LLM does not trust human, and Active Cyber Defense.
Koichi
Apr 21, 2025 Place Security Insights
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F5 rSeries: Next-Generation Fully Automatable Hardware
What is rSeries? F5 rSeries is a rearchitected, next-generation hardware platform that scales application delivery performance and automates application services to address many of today’s most critical business challenges. rSeries relies on a Kubernetes-based platform layer (F5OS) that is tightly integrated with F5 TMOS software. Going to a microservice-based platform layer allows rSeries to provide additional functionality that was not possible in previous generations of F5 BIG-IP platforms. Customers do not need to learn Kubernetes but still get the benefits of it. Management of the hardware will still be done via a familiar F5 CLI, webUI or API. The additional benefit of automation capabilities can greatly simplify the process of deploying F5 products. A significant amount of time and resources are saved due to automation, which translates to more time to perform critical tasks. F5OS rSeries UI Why is this important? Get more done in less time by using a highly automatable hardware platform that can deploy software solutions in seconds, not minutes or hours. Increased performance improves ROI: The rSeries platform is a high performance and highly scalable appliance with improved processing power. Running multiple versions on the same platform allows for more flexibility than previously possible. Pay-as-you-Grow licensing options that unlock more CPU resources. Key rSeries Use-Cases NetOps Automation Shorten time to market by automating network operations and offering cloud like orchestration with full stack programmability Drive app development and delivery with self-service and faster response time Business Continuity Drive consistent policies across on-prem and public cloud and across hardware and software based ADCs Build resiliency with rSeries’ superior performance and failover capabilities Future proof investments by running multiple versions of apps side-by-side; migrate applications at your own pace Cloud Migration On-Ramp Accelerate cloud strategy by adopting cloud operating models and on-demand scalability with rSeries and use that as on ramp to cloud Dramatically reduce TCO with rSeries systems; extend commercial models to migrate from hardware to software or as applications move to cloud Automation Capabilities Declarative APIs and integration with automation frameworks (Terraform, Ansible) greatly simplifies operations and reduces overhead: AS3 (Application Services 3 Extension): A declarative API that simplifies the configuration of application services. With AS3, customers can deploy and manage configurations consistently across environments. Ansible Automation: Prebuilt Ansible modules for rSeries enable automated provisioning, configuration, and updates, reducing manual effort and minimizing errors. Terraform: Organizations leveraging Infrastructure as Code (IaC) can use Terraform to define and automate the deployment of rSeries appliances and associated configurations. Example json file: Example of running the Automation Playbook: Example of the results: More information on Automation: Automating F5OS on rSeries GitHub Automation Repository Specialized Hardware Performance rSeries offers more hardware-accelerated performance capabilities with more FPGA chipsets that are more tightly integrated with TMOS. It also includes the latest Intel processing capabilities. This enhances the following: SSL and compression offload L4 offload for higher performance and reduced load on software Hardware-accelerated SYN flood protection Hardware-based protection from more than 100 types of denial-of-service (DoS) attacks Support for F5 Intelligence Services Migration Options (BIG-IP Journeys) Use BIG-IP Jouneys to easily migrate your existing configuration to rSeries. This covers the following: Entire L4-L7 configuration can be migrated Individual Applications can be migrated BIG-IP Tenant configuration can be migrated Automatically identify and resolve migration issues Convert UCS files into AS3 declarations if needed Post-deployment diagnostics and health The Journeys Tool, available on DevCentral’s GitHub, facilitates the migration of legacy BIG-IP configurations to rSeries-compatible formats. Customers can convert UCS files, validate configurations, and highlight unsupported features during the migration process. Multi-tenancy capabilities in rSeries simplify the process of isolating workloads during and after migration. GitHub repository for F5 Journeys Conclusion The F5 rSeries platform addresses the modern enterprise’s need for high-performance, scalable, and efficient application delivery and security solutions. By combining cutting-edge hardware capabilities with robust automation tools and flexible migration options, rSeries empowers organizations to seamlessly transition from legacy platforms while unlocking new levels of performance and operational agility. Whether driven by the need for increased throughput, advanced multi-tenancy, the rSeries platform stands as a future-ready solution for securing and optimizing application delivery in an increasingly complex IT landscape. Related Content Cloud Docs rSeries Guide F5 rSeries Appliance Datasheet F5 VELOS: A Next-Generation Fully Automatable Platform Demo Video
KevinGallaugher
Apr 21, 2025 Place Technical Articles
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F5 VELOS: A Next-Generation Fully Automatable Platform
What is VELOS? The F5 VELOS platform is the next generation of F5’s chassis-based systems. VELOS can bridge traditional and modern application architectures by supporting a mix of traditional F5 BIG-IP tenants as well as next-generation BIG-IP Next tenants in the future. VELOS relies on a Kubernetes-based platform layer (F5OS) that is tightly integrated with F5 TMOS software. Going to a microservice-based platform layer allows VELOS to provide additional functionality that was not possible in previous generations of F5 BIG-IP platforms. Customers do not need to learn Kubernetes but still get the benefits of it. Management of the chassis will still be done via a familiar F5 CLI, webUI, or API. The additional benefit of automation capabilities can greatly simplify the process of deploying F5 products. A significant amount of time and resources are saved due to automation, which translates to more time to perform critical tasks. F5OS VELOS UI Why is VELOS important? Get more done in less time by using a highly automatable hardware platform that can deploy software solutions in seconds, not minutes or hours. Increased performance improves ROI: The VELOS platform is a high-performance and highly scalable chassis with improved processing power. Running multiple versions on the same platform allows for more flexibility than previously possible. Significantly reduce the TCO of previous-generation hardware by consolidating multiple platforms into one. Key VELOS Use-Cases NetOps Automation Shorten time to market by automating network operations and offering cloud-like orchestration with full-stack programmability Drive app development and delivery with self-service and faster response time Business Continuity Drive consistent policies across on-prem and public cloud and across hardware and software-based ADCs Build resiliency with VELOS’ superior platform redundancy and failover capabilities Future-proof investments by running multiple versions of apps side-by-side; migrate applications at your own pace Cloud Migration On-Ramp Accelerate cloud strategy by adopting cloud operating models and on-demand scalability with VELOS and use that as on-ramp to cloud Dramatically reduce TCO with VELOS systems; extend commercial models to migrate from hardware to software or as applications move to cloud Automation Capabilities Declarative APIs and integration with automation frameworks (Terraform, Ansible) greatly simplifies operations and reduces overhead: AS3 (Application Services 3 Extension): A declarative API that simplifies the configuration of application services. With AS3, customers can deploy and manage configurations consistently across environments. Ansible Automation: Prebuilt Ansible modules for VELOS enable automated provisioning, configuration, and updates, reducing manual effort and minimizing errors. Terraform: Organizations leveraging Infrastructure as Code (IaC) can use Terraform to define and automate the deployment of VELOS appliances and associated configurations. Example json file: Example of running the Automation Playbook: Example of the results: More information on Automation: Automating F5OS on VELOS GitHub Automation Repository Specialized Hardware Performance VELOS offers more hardware-accelerated performance capabilities with more FPGA chipsets that are more tightly integrated with TMOS. It also includes the latest Intel processing capabilities. This enhances the following: SSL and compression offload L4 offload for higher performance and reduced load on software Hardware-accelerated SYN flood protection Hardware-based protection from more than 100 types of denial-of-service (DoS) attacks Support for F5 Intelligence Services VELOS CX1610 chassis VELOS BX520 blade Migration Options (BIG-IP Journeys) Use BIG-IP Journeys to easily migrate your existing configuration to VELOS. This covers the following: Entire L4-L7 configuration can be migrated Individual Applications can be migrated BIG-IP Tenant configuration can be migrated Automatically identify and resolve migration issues Convert UCS files into AS3 declarations if needed Post-deployment diagnostics and health The Journeys Tool, available on DevCentral’s GitHub, facilitates the migration of legacy BIG-IP configurations to VELOS-compatible formats. Customers can convert UCS files, validate configurations, and highlight unsupported features during the migration process. Multi-tenancy capabilities in VELOS simplify the process of isolating workloads during and after migration. GitHub repository for F5 Journeys Conclusion The F5 VELOS platform addresses the modern enterprise’s need for high-performance, scalable, and efficient application delivery and security solutions. By combining cutting-edge hardware capabilities with robust automation tools and flexible migration options, VELOS empowers organizations to seamlessly transition from legacy platforms while unlocking new levels of performance and operational agility. Whether driven by the need for increased throughput, advanced multi-tenancy, the VELOS platform stands as a future-ready solution for securing and optimizing application delivery in an increasingly complex IT landscape. Related Content Cloud Docs VELOS Guide F5 VELOS Chassic System Datasheet F5 rSeries: Next-Generation Fully Automatable Hardware Demo Video
KevinGallaugher
Apr 21, 2025 Place Technical Articles
211Views
3likes
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Security Solutions with F5 BIG-IP SSL Orchestrator","conversation":{"__ref":"Conversation:conversation:340722"},"id":"message:340722","revisionNum":5,"uid":340722,"depth":0,"board":{"__ref":"Tkb:board:TechnicalArticles"},"author":{"__ref":"User:user:129415"},"teaser@stripHtml({\"removeProcessingText\":true,\"truncateLength\":-1})":"","introduction":"","metrics":{"__typename":"MessageMetrics","views":28},"postTime":"2025-04-24T05:00:00.044-07:00","lastPublishTime":"2025-04-24T05:00:00.044-07:00","body@stripHtml({\"removeProcessingText\":true,\"removeSpoilerMarkup\":true,\"removeTocMarkup\":true,\"truncateLength\":-1})":" \n\n \n What are Security Services? \n SSL Orchestrator supports a wide variety of Security Services. A “Service” is defined as a device that SSL Orchestrator passes decrypted traffic to. A Service can be Layer 2 or 3. It can be unidirectional (TAP). It can be an ICAP server. It can be an Explicit or Transparent HTTP proxy. \n Security Services need to inspect content that is not encrypted. SSL Orchestrator handles the decryption so the Service can inspect it for threats, enforce certain policies, prevent sensitive data from leaving the network and much more. \n A Next Generation Firewall, or NGFW, is a common Service type. A NGFW is a network security device that extends traditional firewall capabilities by incorporating features like deep packet inspection, intrusion prevention, and application control to protect against advanced cyber threats. A NGFW is commonly deployed as a Layer 2 or 3 device. \n A sandbox is another common Service type. Sandboxes look for malware and other threats by analyzing potentially malicious content in a controlled environment. A sandbox is a secure, isolated environment where suspicious code or applications can be executed and observed without the risk of infecting the host or network. A Sandbox is commonly deployed as a Layer 2 device. \n A Secure Web Gateway (SWG) is a network security solution that acts as a central point of control for all web traffic, filtering and inspecting it to protect against malware, phishing, and other web-based threats, while enforcing security policies. This solution has evolved over the years and may also be referred to as a Secure Access Service Edge (SASE) or Security Service Edge (SSE). A SWG is often deployed as an HTTP Proxy. \n Data Loss Prevention (DLP) is a cybersecurity solution designed to prevent the unauthorized access, use, or transmission of sensitive data. DLP is often deployed as an ICAP server. \n A network TAP device is a passive component that allows non-intrusive access to data flowing across a network, enabling monitoring and analysis of network traffic without disruption. A TAP receives a copy of the decrypted traffic so it can analyze it in the background. \n An HTTP proxy is commonly used as a SWG solution but is flexible and can be used for other purposes. An HTTP proxy may be used to cache web content, authenticate users and log all connections. An HTTP proxy may also be used for what is called “Web Isolation” or “Browser Isolation”. This security solution acts as an intermediary between users and web content. Offering a virtualized “view” of web content that is completely safe to users and the network itself. \n Which vendors or products? \n SSL Orchestrator supports all leading NGFW vendors and has generic support for any NGFW that is not specifically supported. Vendors/products supported include Palo Alto Networks NGFW, Check Point Security, Cisco Firepower, Fortinet FortiGate, McAfee/Trellix, Trend Micro and more. \n SSL Orchestrator also supports all leading Sandbox vendors and has generic support for any Sandbox that is not specifically supported. Vendors/products supported include FireEye/Trellix, Symantec and more. \n Most Secure Web Gateway (SWG) solutions are supported by SSL Orchestrator. Vendors/products supported include Cisco WSA, Forcepoint, Fortinet, McAfee/Trellix, Symantec/Broadcom ProxySG and many more. \n SSL Orchestrator supports all leading Data Loss Prevention (DLP) vendors and has generic support for any DLP solution that is not specifically supported. Vendors/products supported include Digital Guardian, McAfee/Trellix, Opswat, Symantec/Broadcom and more. \n Some of the TAP vendors supported by SSL Orchestrator are Palo Alto, McAfee/Trellix, RSA Netwitness, Trend Micro and Netscout. \n SSL Orchestrator supports HTTP proxies from the following vendors: Cisco, Forcepoint, Fortinet, McAfee/Trellix, Symantec/Broadcom and Squid. \n Service Deployment type \n Services can be deployed in a variety of different ways. SSL Orchestrator supports most, if not all of these deployment types. The common deployments are listed and described below: \n A Layer 2 device (bridging/bump-in-wire) refers to connectivity without IP Address configuration. Layer 2 devices pass all traffic from one interface to another interface. \n A Layer 3 device (typical NAT) refers to IP Address to IP Address connectivity. Layer 3 devices must be specifically configured to work in a network. \n An Explicit Proxy device also utilizes IP Address to IP Address connectivity. However, in this case, web applications have to be specifically configured to use an Explicit Proxy. \n A Transparent Proxy device also utilizes IP Address to IP Address connectivity. In this case, web applications DO NOT need to be configured to use a Proxy. \n Other type of devices are supported, like an ICAP server or TAP device. An ICAP server is often used for Data Loss Prevention (DLP). A TAP device is often used for passive visibility as it receives an exact copy of the decrypted traffic. \n Service Creation \n Services can be added, removed or edited from the Services tab of the SSL Orchestrator configuration utility. \n \n Services are divided into the different Service deployment types. \n \n Layer 2 \n The following Layer 2 Services are available: \n \n Layer 3 \n The following Layer 3 Services are available: \n \n Inline HTTP \n The following Inline HTTP Services are available: \n \n ICAP \n The following ICAP Services are available: \n \n TAP \n The following TAP Services are available: \n \n F5 \n SSL Orchestrator also supports F5 Solutions as Services. The following F5 Services are available: \n \n Examples \n Here’s an example of a Cisco Firepower Service deployed in Layer 3 mode: \n An IP Address and VLAN are selected for connectivity to the Service. \n \n The IP Address of the Cisco Firepower is specified. \n \n An IP Address and VLAN are selected for connectivity from the Service. \n \n Here’s an example of a Palo Alto NGFW Service deployed in Layer 2 mode: \n A From and To VLAN is specified for connectivity from/to the Service. \n Note: IP addressing is not used with a Layer 2 Service \n \n Here’s an example of an Opswat MetaDefender ICAP Service: \n An IP Address and port are specified for connectivity To/From the ICAP server. \n \n Some ICAP server specific settings are also needed. \n \n Here’s an example of a Netscout TAP Service: \n The mac address of the Netscout is specified. \n The VLAN and interface for connectivity to the Netscout is also specified. \n \n Creating a Service Chain \n Service Chains are user-defined groupings of one or more Services. Multiple Service Chains are supported. There are no restrictions on the type of Services that can be in a Service Chain. For example: a Service Chain can consist of one or more Layer 2 devices, and one or more Layer 3 devices, and so on. \n Service Chains can be added, removed or edited from the Service Chains tab of the SSL Orchestrator configuration utility. \n \n Available Services will be listed on the left. One or more Services can be moved into the Service Chain. The Service Chain Order is easily configurable. \n Conclusion \n F5 BIG-IP SSL Orchestrator makes it easy to simplify and deploy your security stack. SSL Orchestrator supports virtually all available security and visibility solutions. It is able to seamlessly integrate security solutions whether they are deployed as Layer 2, Layer 3, Inline HTTP, ICAP or TAP. 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TSL Between Two BigIPs","conversation":{"__ref":"Conversation:conversation:340966"},"id":"message:340966","revisionNum":1,"uid":340966,"depth":0,"board":{"__ref":"Forum:board:TechnicalForum"},"author":{"__ref":"User:user:435857"},"metrics":{"__typename":"MessageMetrics","views":17},"postTime":"2025-04-23T10:44:05.931-07:00","lastPublishTime":"2025-04-23T10:44:05.931-07:00","body@stripHtml({\"removeProcessingText\":true,\"removeSpoilerMarkup\":true,\"removeTocMarkup\":true,\"truncateLength\":-1})":" Hello, I am trying to determine how Mutual TLS (mTLS) can be implemented between 2 Big IPs for API calls. The certificates will reside on the two BigIPs where the authentication will occur. The objective is to isolate the applications such that no changes are required to the applications or certs need to be loaded exchanged between the apps and the Big IP. Based a several AI searches, this is possible but haven't been able to find explicit documentation on if it is supported and how it can be implemented. Any help is appreciated. Client App --> BigIP 1 -mTLS- Big IP 2 --> Server App ","body@stripHtml({\"removeProcessingText\":true,\"removeSpoilerMarkup\":true,\"removeTocMarkup\":true,\"truncateLength\":-1})@stringLength":"665","kudosSumWeight":0,"repliesCount":1,"readOnly":false,"images":{"__typename":"AssociatedImageConnection","edges":[],"totalCount":0,"pageInfo":{"__typename":"PageInfo","hasNextPage":false,"endCursor":null,"hasPreviousPage":false,"startCursor":null}},"videos":{"__typename":"VideoConnection","edges":[],"totalCount":0,"pageInfo":{"__typename":"PageInfo","hasNextPage":false,"endCursor":null,"hasPreviousPage":false,"startCursor":null}}},"Conversation:conversation:340914":{"__typename":"Conversation","id":"conversation:340914","topic":{"__typename":"TkbTopicMessage","uid":340914},"lastPostingActivityTime":"2025-04-23T12:38:55.356-07:00","solved":false},"User:user:195330":{"__typename":"User","uid":195330,"login":"momahdy","registrationData":{"__typename":"RegistrationData","status":null},"deleted":false,"avatar":{"__typename":"UserAvatar","url":"https://community.f5.com/t5/s/zihoc95639/images/dS0xOTUzMzAtaENpUGx2?image-coordinates=0%2C588%2C1080%2C1668"},"id":"user:195330"},"AssociatedImage:{\"url\":\"https://community.f5.com/t5/s/zihoc95639/images/bS0zNDA5MTQtRkh0c0pM?revision=4\"}":{"__typename":"AssociatedImage","url":"https://community.f5.com/t5/s/zihoc95639/images/bS0zNDA5MTQtRkh0c0pM?revision=4","title":"image.png","associationType":"BODY","width":2516,"height":1738,"altText":""},"AssociatedImage:{\"url\":\"https://community.f5.com/t5/s/zihoc95639/images/bS0zNDA5MTQtV2pjZ3dy?revision=4\"}":{"__typename":"AssociatedImage","url":"https://community.f5.com/t5/s/zihoc95639/images/bS0zNDA5MTQtV2pjZ3dy?revision=4","title":"image.png","associationType":"BODY","width":626,"height":295,"altText":""},"AssociatedImage:{\"url\":\"https://community.f5.com/t5/s/zihoc95639/images/bS0zNDA5MTQtS29HMG9p?revision=4\"}":{"__typename":"AssociatedImage","url":"https://community.f5.com/t5/s/zihoc95639/images/bS0zNDA5MTQtS29HMG9p?revision=4","title":"image.png","associationType":"BODY","width":626,"height":348,"altText":""},"AssociatedImage:{\"url\":\"https://community.f5.com/t5/s/zihoc95639/images/bS0zNDA5MTQtdDFxRHVm?revision=4\"}":{"__typename":"AssociatedImage","url":"https://community.f5.com/t5/s/zihoc95639/images/bS0zNDA5MTQtdDFxRHVm?revision=4","title":"image.png","associationType":"BODY","width":503,"height":254,"altText":""},"AssociatedImage:{\"url\":\"https://community.f5.com/t5/s/zihoc95639/images/bS0zNDA5MTQtMUZ2TW16?revision=4\"}":{"__typename":"AssociatedImage","url":"https://community.f5.com/t5/s/zihoc95639/images/bS0zNDA5MTQtMUZ2TW16?revision=4","title":"image.png","associationType":"BODY","width":626,"height":503,"altText":""},"TkbTopicMessage:message:340914":{"__typename":"TkbTopicMessage","subject":"Modern Applications-Demystifying Ingress solutions flavors","conversation":{"__ref":"Conversation:conversation:340914"},"id":"message:340914","revisionNum":4,"uid":340914,"depth":0,"board":{"__ref":"Tkb:board:TechnicalArticles"},"author":{"__ref":"User:user:195330"},"teaser@stripHtml({\"removeProcessingText\":true,\"truncateLength\":-1})":"","introduction":"\n","metrics":{"__typename":"MessageMetrics","views":44},"postTime":"2025-04-23T12:38:55.356-07:00","lastPublishTime":"2025-04-23T12:38:55.356-07:00","body@stripHtml({\"removeProcessingText\":true,\"removeSpoilerMarkup\":true,\"removeTocMarkup\":true,\"truncateLength\":-1})":"\n In this article, we explore the different ingress services provided by F5 and how those solutions fit within our environment. \n With different ingress services flavors, you gain the ability to interact with your microservices at different points, allowing for flexible, secure deployment. \n \n The ingress services tools can be summarized into two main categories, \n \n Management plane:\n \n NGINX One \n BIG-IP CIS \n \n \n Traffic plane:\n \n NGINX Ingress Controller / Plus / App Protect / Service Mesh \n BIG-IP Next for Kubernetes \n Cloud Native Functions (CNFs) \n Ingress controller F5 Distributed Cloud Customer Edge (CE) \n \n \n \n \n Ingress solutions definitions \n In this section we go quickly through the Ingress services to understand the concept for each service, and then later move to the use cases’ comparison. \n BIG-IP Next for Kubernetes \n \n Kubernetes' native networking architecture does not inherently support multi-network integration or non-HTTP/HTTPS protocols, creating operational and security challenges for complex deployments. BIG-IP Next for Kubernetes addresses these limitations by centralizing ingress and egress traffic control, aligning with Kubernetes design principles to integrate with existing security frameworks and broader network infrastructure. This reduces operational overhead by consolidating cross-network traffic management into a unified ingress/egress point, eliminating the need for multiple external firewalls that traditionally require isolated configuration. \n The solution enables zero-trust security models through granular policy enforcement and provides robust threat mitigation, including DDoS protection, by replacing fragmented security measures with a centralized architecture. Additionally, BIG-IP Next supports 5G Core deployments by managing North/South traffic flows in containerized environments, facilitating use cases such as network slicing and multi-access edge computing (MEC). These capabilities enable dynamic resource allocation aligned with application-specific or customer-driven requirements, ensuring scalable, secure connectivity for next-generation 5G consumer and enterprise solutions while maintaining compatibility with existing network and security ecosystems. \n Cloud Native Functions (CNFs) \n BIG-IP Next for Kubernetes enables the advanced networking, traffic management and security functionalities; CNFs enables additional advanced services. \n \n VNFs and CNFs can be consolidated in the S/Gi-LAN or the N6 LAN in 5G networks. A consolidated approach results in simpler management and operation, reduced operational costs up to reduced TCO by 60% and more opportunities to monetize functions and services. Functions can include DNS, Edge Firewall, DDoS, Policy Enforcer, and more. \n BIG-IP Next CNFs provide scalable, automated, resilient, manageable, and observable cloud-native functions and applications. Support dynamic elasticity, occupy a smaller footprint with fast restart, and use continuous deployment and automation principles. \n NGINX for Kubernetes \n \n NGINX is known for its great performance in microservices environments; NGINX takes care of service-level functionalities at the application level. \n The differentiator in case we need to deploy CNFs or NGINX for Kubernetes is the bandwidth and required internal service flows. \n While BIG-IP Next for Kubernetes/CNF make use of F5 own TMM to perform application delivery and security, NGINX rely on Kernel to perform some network level functions like NAT, IP tables and routing. So it’s a matter of the architecture of your environment to go with one or both options to enhance your application delivery and security experience. \n BIG-IP Container Ingress Services (CIS) \n BIG-IP CIS works on management flow. The CIS service is deployed at Kubernetes cluster, sending information on created Pods to an integrated BIG-IP external to Kubernetes environment. This allows to automatically create LTM pools and forwarding traffic based on pool members health. \n This service allows for application teams to focus on microservice development and automatically update BIG-IP, allowing for easier configuration management. \n \n \n Use cases categorization \n Let’s talk in use cases terms to make it more related to the field and our day-to-day work, \n \n NGINX One\n \n Access to NGINX commercial products, support for open-source, and the option to add WAF. \n Unified dashboard and APIs to discover and manage your NGINX instances. \n Identify and fix configuration errors quickly and easily with the NGINX One configuration recommendation engine. \n Quickly diagnose bottlenecks and act immediately with real-time performance monitoring across all NGINX instances. \n Enforce global security polices across diverse environments. Real-time vulnerability management identifies and addresses CVEs in NGINX instances. \n Visibility into compliance issues across diverse app ecosystems. Update groups of NGINX systems simultaneously with a single configuration file change. \n Unified view of your NGINX fleet for collaboration, performance tuning, and troubleshooting. \n NGINX One to automate manual configuration and updating tasks for security and platform teams. \n \n \n BIG-IP CIS\n \n Enable self-service Ingress HTTP routing and app services selection by subscribing to events to automatically configure performance, routing, and security services on BIG-IP. \n Integrate with the BIG-IP platform to scale apps for availability and enable app services insertion. In addition, integrate with the BIG-IP system and NGINX for Ingress load balancing. \n \n \n \n \n BIG-IP Next for Kubernetes\n \n Supports ingress and egress traffic management and routing for seamless integration to multiple networks. \n Enables support for 4G and 5G protocols that are not supported by Kubernetes—such as Diameter, SIP, GTP, SCTP, and more. \n BIG-IP Next for Kubernetes enables security services applied at ingress and egress, such as firewalling and DDoS. \n Topology hiding at ingress obscures the internal structure within the cluster. \n As a central point of control, per-subscriber traffic visibility at ingress and egress allows traceability for compliance tracking and billing. \n Support for multi-tenancy and network isolation for AI applications, enabling efficient deployment of multiple users and workloads on a single AI infrastructure. \n \n \n F5 Cloud Native Functions (CNFs)\n \n Add containerized services for example Firewall, DDoS, and Intrusion Prevention System (IPS) technology Based on F5 BIG-IP AFM. \n Ease IPv6 migration and improve network scalability and security with IPv4 address management. Deploy as part of a security strategy. \n Support DNS Caching, DNS over HTTPS (DoH). \n Supports advanced policy and traffic management use cases. Improve QoE and ARPU with tools like traffic classification, video management and subscriber awareness. \n \n \n NGINX Ingress Controller\n \n Provide L4-L7 NGINX services within Kubernetes cluster. \n Manage user and service identities and authorize access and actions with HTTP Basic authentication, JSON Web Tokens (JWTs), OpenID Connect (OIDC), and role-based access control (RBAC). \n Secure incoming and outgoing communications through end-to-end encryption (SSL/TLS passthrough, TLS termination). \n Collect, monitor, and analyze data through prebuilt integrations with leading ecosystem tools, including OpenTelemetry, Grafana, Prometheus, and Jaeger. \n \n \n Ingress controller F5 Distributed Cloud Customer Edge (CE) \n \n The F5 Ingress Controller is supported only for Sites running Managed Kubernetes, also known as Physical K8s (PK8s). Deployment of the ingress controller is supported only using Helm. \n \n \n \n The Ingress Controller manages external access to HTTP services in a Kubernetes cluster using the F5 Distributed Cloud Services Platform. \n The ingress controller is a K8s deployment that configures the HTTP Load Balancer using the K8s ingress manifest file. \n The Ingress Controller automates the creation of load balancer and other required objects such as VIP, Layer 7 routes (path-based routing), advertise policy, certificate creation (k8s secrets or automatic custom certificate) \n \n \n \n \n Conclusion \n As you can see, the diverse Ingress controllers tools give you more flexibility, tailoring your architecture based on organization requirements and maintain application delivery and security practices across your applications ecosystem. \n \n Related Content and Technical demos \n \n BIG-IP Next SPK: a Kubernetes native ingress and egress gateway for Telco workloads \n F5 BIG-IP Next CNF solutions suite of Kubernetes native 5G Network Functions \n Announcing F5 NGINX Ingress Controller v4.0.0 | DevCentral \n JWT authorization with NGINX Ingress Controller \n My first CRD deployment with CIS | DevCentral \n BIG-IP Next for Kubernetes \n BIG-IP Next for Kubernetes (LA) \n BIG-IP Next Cloud-Native Network Functions (CNFs) \n CNF Home \n F5 NGINX Ingress Controller \n Overview of F5 BIG-IP Container Ingress Services \n NGINX One \n ","body@stripHtml({\"removeProcessingText\":true,\"removeSpoilerMarkup\":true,\"removeTocMarkup\":true,\"truncateLength\":-1})@stringLength":"9123","kudosSumWeight":0,"repliesCount":0,"readOnly":false,"images":{"__typename":"AssociatedImageConnection","edges":[{"__typename":"AssociatedImageEdge","cursor":"MjUuM3wyLjF8b3wyNXxfTlZffDE","node":{"__ref":"AssociatedImage:{\"url\":\"https://community.f5.com/t5/s/zihoc95639/images/bS0zNDA5MTQtRkh0c0pM?revision=4\"}"}},{"__typename":"AssociatedImageEdge","cursor":"MjUuM3wyLjF8b3wyNXxfTlZffDI","node":{"__ref":"AssociatedImage:{\"url\":\"https://community.f5.com/t5/s/zihoc95639/images/bS0zNDA5MTQtV2pjZ3dy?revision=4\"}"}},{"__typename":"AssociatedImageEdge","cursor":"MjUuM3wyLjF8b3wyNXxfTlZffDM","node":{"__ref":"AssociatedImage:{\"url\":\"https://community.f5.com/t5/s/zihoc95639/images/bS0zNDA5MTQtS29HMG9p?revision=4\"}"}},{"__typename":"AssociatedImageEdge","cursor":"MjUuM3wyLjF8b3wyNXxfTlZffDQ","node":{"__ref":"AssociatedImage:{\"url\":\"https://community.f5.com/t5/s/zihoc95639/images/bS0zNDA5MTQtdDFxRHVm?revision=4\"}"}},{"__typename":"AssociatedImageEdge","cursor":"MjUuM3wyLjF8b3wyNXxfTlZffDU","node":{"__ref":"AssociatedImage:{\"url\":\"https://community.f5.com/t5/s/zihoc95639/images/bS0zNDA5MTQtMUZ2TW16?revision=4\"}"}}],"totalCount":5,"pageInfo":{"__typename":"PageInfo","hasNextPage":false,"endCursor":null,"hasPreviousPage":false,"startCursor":null}},"videos":{"__typename":"VideoConnection","edges":[],"totalCount":0,"pageInfo":{"__typename":"PageInfo","hasNextPage":false,"endCursor":null,"hasPreviousPage":false,"startCursor":null}}},"Conversation:conversation:340956":{"__typename":"Conversation","id":"conversation:340956","topic":{"__typename":"TkbTopicMessage","uid":340956},"lastPostingActivityTime":"2025-04-23T08:00:00.071-07:00","solved":false},"User:user:217342":{"__typename":"User","uid":217342,"login":"Christopher_Pa1","registrationData":{"__typename":"RegistrationData","status":null},"deleted":false,"avatar":{"__typename":"UserAvatar","url":"https://community.f5.com/t5/s/zihoc95639/images/dS0yMTczNDItSUNpMG9j?image-coordinates=0%2C0%2C160%2C160"},"id":"user:217342"},"TkbTopicMessage:message:340956":{"__typename":"TkbTopicMessage","subject":"VulnCon 2025, EU CRA, CVE funding, Smishing Kit","conversation":{"__ref":"Conversation:conversation:340956"},"id":"message:340956","revisionNum":2,"uid":340956,"depth":0,"board":{"__ref":"Tkb:board:security-insights"},"author":{"__ref":"User:user:217342"},"teaser@stripHtml({\"removeProcessingText\":true,\"truncateLength\":-1})":"","introduction":"","metrics":{"__typename":"MessageMetrics","views":68},"postTime":"2025-04-23T08:00:00.071-07:00","lastPublishTime":"2025-04-23T08:00:00.071-07:00","body@stripHtml({\"removeProcessingText\":true,\"removeSpoilerMarkup\":true,\"removeTocMarkup\":true,\"truncateLength\":-1})":" Notable security news for the week of April 13th through April 20th. Your editor this week is Chris from the F5 Security Incident Response Team. A bit of a different format this week as I was in Raleigh for VulnCon 2025 the previous week. I will discuss highlights from that as well as notable events from the past week. \n \n VulnCon 2025 \n The 2025 Vulnerability Management Ecosystem Collaboration, Ideation, and Action Conference (aka “VulnCon”), which was sponsored by FIRST and the CVE Program, was held from April 7th through April 10th this year. The aim of this conference is to promote collaboration between various vulnerability management and cybersecurity professionals to better help the whole cybersecurity ecosystem. Key topics that were highlighted this year were the EU's Cyber Resilience Act (CRA), Vulnerability Exploitability eXchange (VEX), Cybersecurity Assurance Framework (CSAF), and publishing more complete CVE records or Vulnrichment. I will discuss the CRA in the next paragraph. VEX facilitates the exchange of vulnerability information, fostering collaboration to swiftly address emerging threats. Concurrently, CSAF ensures a standardized approach to cybersecurity practices. One of the pushes that was discussed was to get security scanners to start ingesting VEX to help decrease the amount of false positives and focus more on vulnerabilities that are exploitable. As for Vulnrichment, it is alarming that a large number of CVEs that are disclosed every year do not include Common Weakness Enumerations (CWE) or Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) scores. I agree that adding this information at a minimum would be very beneficial to both the consumers as well as the vendor. The vendor is in the best position to assign these in a more accurate manner since they are most familiar with the products. \n https://www.first.org/conference/vulncon2025/ \n https://openssf.org/blog/2023/09/07/vdr-vex-openvex-and-csaf/ \n \n EU Cyber Resilience Act (CRA) \n The Cyber Resilience Act introduces mandatory cybersecurity requirements for hardware and software products, throughout their whole lifecycle. The main goals of this act are to ensure that products with digital elements placed on the EU market have fewer vulnerabilities that Manufacturers remain responsible for cybersecurity throughout a product’s life cycle, improve transparency on security of hardware and software products and bring benefits to business users and consumers from better protection. Products will bear the CE marking as is common with many other products sold, which means they have been assessed to meet high safety, health, and environmental protection requirements. \n The three main roles that are laid out are: \n \n Manufacturers: If you develop or manufacture products with \"digital elements\" for sale in the EU. \n Open-Source Software (OSS) Stewards: Entity other than a manufacturer that provides support on a sustained basis for the development of specific products with digital elements, qualifying as free and open-source software and intended for commercial activities, and that ensures the viability of those products. Examples of this would be the Linux Foundation, Apache Foundation, etc.... \n OSS Developers: Upstream maintainer or developer of open-source software that is used by the manufacturer. \n \n The key point to note in this distinction of these three roles is that if there is a vulnerability exploited in open-source software, the manufacturer is the one held liable. The OSS Steward and the OSS Developers are not being held liable. This makes it a good idea to develop working relationships with the OSS upstream developers for when emergencies do arise. Now to focus on the manufacturer requirements. I will not touch all of them as the CRA is a large document but will point out some of the key topics. Secure-By-Default and Secure-By-Design principles will now be a requirement and not just a pledge. Products with digital elements shall be delivered without any known exploitable vulnerabilities. Manufacturers will need to provide evidence that the product was checked before release. A risk assessment will need to be provided with the product and the contents of that assessment are laid out in Annex I of the document. Manufactures must be able to provide SBOMS in either SPDX or CycloneDX format at the request of authorities. Manufacturers must , address and remediate vulnerabilities without delay, which includes providing security updates. Manufacturers must provide support for a minimum of 5 years, including security updates and that each security update remains available after it has been issued for a minimum of 10 years or for the remainder of the support period, whichever is longer. \n There are also reporting requirements. Highlight a couple of them; they pertain to actively exploited vulnerabilities and severe incidents having an impact on the security of the product. An early warning notification of an actively exploited vulnerability or severe incident, without undue delay and in any event within 24 hours of the manufacturer becoming aware of it. Then \"an incident notification, without undue delay and in any event within 72 hours of the manufacturer becoming aware of the incident, which shall provide general information, where available, about the nature of the incident, an initial assessment of the incident, as well as any corrective or mitigating measures taken, and corrective or mitigating measures that users can take, and which shall also indicate, where applicable, how sensitive the manufacturer considers the notified information to be\". That was taken from the document and you can see how thorough they are being when detailing what to report. The final report will need to be submitted by 14 days for active exploits and one month for severe incidents. Then to explain where to report: \"The notification shall be submitted using the electronic notification end-point of the CSIRT designated as coordinator of the Member State where the manufacturers have their main establishment in the Union and shall be simultaneously accessible to ENISA\". This means that the manufacturer will need to choose one of the European country's CSIRT teams to be the point of contact. \n As for the consequences of non-compliance, the EU is not playing around with that either: \n \n Non-compliance with the essential cybersecurity requirements set out in Annex I and the obligations set out in Articles 13 and 14 shall be subject to administrative fines of up to EUR 15,000,000 or, if the offender is an undertaking, up to 2.5% of its total worldwide annual turnover for the preceding financial year, whichever is higher. \n Non-compliance with the obligations set out in Articles 18 to 23, Article 28, Article 30(1) to (4), Article 31(1) to (4), Article 32(1), (2) and (3), Article 33(5), and Articles 39, 41, 47, 49 and 53 shall be subject to administrative fines of up to EUR 10,000,000 or, if the offender is an undertaking, up to 2% of its total worldwide annual turnover for the preceding financial year, whichever is higher. \n The supply of incorrect, incomplete or misleading information to notified bodies and market surveillance authorities in reply to a request shall be subject to administrative fines of up to EUR 5,000,000 or, if the offender is an undertaking, up to 1% of its total worldwide annual turnover for the preceding financial year, whichever is higher. \n \n To explain those bullet points more simply, everything I mentioned above about manufacturer requirements and reporting all fall under Annex I or Articles 13 and 14 so would be subject to the most severe penalties per incident. \n As for the timelines of this act, the CRA was officially adopted on October 10, 2024, and entered into force on December 10, 2024. However, the CRA's main obligations will apply starting from December 11, 2027. Some earlier obligations will apply, such as the reporting of vulnerabilities and severe incidents, starting from September 11, 2026. Additionally, the rules on conformity assessment bodies will be applicable from June 11, 2026. \n https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/cyber-resilience-act \n https://github.com/SecurityCRob/presentations/blob/main/CRA%20PSIRT%20TL_DR.pdf \n \n CVE Program Funding \n The Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) program, managed by MITRE, was facing funding expiration on April 16, 2025. The program is essential for identifying and tracking security vulnerabilities in software and hardware. Without funding, the CVE program would stop adding new vulnerabilities, which could lead to significant impacts on national vulnerability databases, cybersecurity tools, incident response operations, and critical infrastructure. MITRE's Vice President Yosry Barsoum expressed hope that the government is making efforts to continue supporting the program. Luckily, the Department of Homeland Security's (DHS) Cybersecurity & Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) was able to secure funding at the last moment, to fund the program for 11 more months. This is despite ongoing budget and staffing cuts to CISA by the current administration. \n The cybersecurity community has expressed concern over the potential loss of the CVE program, emphasizing its importance in standardizing vulnerability information and aiding in the timely patching of security flaws. On April 16, MITRE announced the creation of a non-profit entity called \"The CVE Foundation\" to continue the program's work under a new funding mechanism. \n https://krebsonsecurity.com/2025/04/funding-expires-for-key-cyber-vulnerability-database/ \n \n The CVE Foundation \n The CVE Foundation was launched to secure the future of the CVE Program. The CVE Foundation was formally established on April 16, 2025, to ensure the long-term viability, stability, and independence of the Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) Program. The CVE Program has been a U.S. government-funded initiative for 25 years, raising concerns about sustainability and neutrality due to its reliance on a single government sponsor. MITRE notified the CVE Board on April 15, 2025, that the U.S. government would not renew its contract for managing the program. In response, a coalition of CVE Board members developed a strategy to transition CVE to a dedicated, non-profit foundation to continue delivering high-quality vulnerability identification. CVE identifiers and data are crucial for cybersecurity professionals worldwide, aiding in security tools, advisories, threat intelligence, and response. Going forward, the CVE Foundation aims to eliminate a single point of failure in the vulnerability management ecosystem and ensure the CVE Program remains globally trusted and community-driven. \n https://www.thecvefoundation.org/home \n \n Pay Your Tolls!! \n About 3 and a half years ago, I was driving into Denver on Interstate 70 coming from the East. I had no need to drive through Denver as I was heading north through Wyoming anyway. Well, a few miles before the city there was an offramp for E-470, a toll highway that would bypass Denver and connect to I-25 a few miles north of the city. I had never used a toll highway before since I live in Eastern Washington where they are unheard of. I was picturing a scene out of a movie where you pull up to a booth and pay an attendant. I was surprised as I merged onto the highway and everyone was driving at 60+ MPH. I saw a sign that stated the system used E-ZPass and would scan the license plate. Fast forward a few months and I receive a bill in the mail from E-ZPass, a pretty nice way to bypass driving through the middle of a large city, I thought. \n Now, unfortunately, a smishing campaign is targeting that same system to trick victims into giving them their payment information. Since mid-October 2024, multiple financially motivated threat actors have been using a smishing kit developed by \"Wang Duo Yu\" to target toll road users in eight U.S. states. The campaign impersonates U.S. electronic toll collection systems like E-ZPass, sending SMS messages and Apple iMessages about unpaid tolls, urging recipients to click on fake links. Victims are prompted to solve a fake CAPTCHA challenge and enter personal and financial information on fraudulent pages, which is then siphoned off to the threat actors. Wang Duo Yu, a computer science student in China, is alleged to be the creator of the phishing kits used by the Smishing Triad, a Chinese organized cybercrime group. The Smishing Triad has conducted large-scale smishing attacks targeting postal services in 121 countries, using failed package delivery lures to harvest personal and financial information. Services like Oak Tel facilitate smishing on a global scale, allowing cybercriminals to send bulk SMS and manage campaigns efficiently. \n I have personally received 2 or 3 of these over the past few months. Luckily, I know the one time I drove on a toll road, so it was obvious to me that this was fake. I worry about people that are using these systems more regularly that may fall victim. \n https://thehackernews.com/2025/04/chinese-smishing-kit-behind-widespread.html ","body@stripHtml({\"removeProcessingText\":true,\"removeSpoilerMarkup\":true,\"removeTocMarkup\":true,\"truncateLength\":-1})@stringLength":"13625","kudosSumWeight":2,"repliesCount":0,"readOnly":false,"images":{"__typename":"AssociatedImageConnection","edges":[],"totalCount":0,"pageInfo":{"__typename":"PageInfo","hasNextPage":false,"endCursor":null,"hasPreviousPage":false,"startCursor":null}},"videos":{"__typename":"VideoConnection","edges":[],"totalCount":0,"pageInfo":{"__typename":"PageInfo","hasNextPage":false,"endCursor":null,"hasPreviousPage":false,"startCursor":null}}},"Conversation:conversation:340316":{"__typename":"Conversation","id":"conversation:340316","topic":{"__typename":"TkbTopicMessage","uid":340316},"lastPostingActivityTime":"2025-04-23T05:00:00.081-07:00","solved":false},"User:user:418292":{"__typename":"User","uid":418292,"login":"Dave_Potter","registrationData":{"__typename":"RegistrationData","status":null},"deleted":false,"avatar":{"__typename":"UserAvatar","url":"https://community.f5.com/t5/s/zihoc95639/images/dS00MTgyOTItMTg3MjFpQjk4MDYyMjM5NTk2MUI5Nw"},"id":"user:418292"},"AssociatedImage:{\"url\":\"https://community.f5.com/t5/s/zihoc95639/images/bS0zNDAzMTYtWkRlYlVv?revision=5\"}":{"__typename":"AssociatedImage","url":"https://community.f5.com/t5/s/zihoc95639/images/bS0zNDAzMTYtWkRlYlVv?revision=5","title":"Slide1.jpeg","associationType":"BODY","width":3840,"height":2160,"altText":""},"AssociatedImage:{\"url\":\"https://community.f5.com/t5/s/zihoc95639/images/bS0zNDAzMTYtYmNTSWRo?revision=5\"}":{"__typename":"AssociatedImage","url":"https://community.f5.com/t5/s/zihoc95639/images/bS0zNDAzMTYtYmNTSWRo?revision=5","title":"Slide2.jpeg","associationType":"BODY","width":3840,"height":2160,"altText":""},"AssociatedImage:{\"url\":\"https://community.f5.com/t5/s/zihoc95639/images/bS0zNDAzMTYtTjNscXAx?revision=5\"}":{"__typename":"AssociatedImage","url":"https://community.f5.com/t5/s/zihoc95639/images/bS0zNDAzMTYtTjNscXAx?revision=5","title":"Slide4.jpeg","associationType":"BODY","width":3840,"height":2160,"altText":""},"AssociatedImage:{\"url\":\"https://community.f5.com/t5/s/zihoc95639/images/bS0zNDAzMTYtMko3R3pr?revision=5\"}":{"__typename":"AssociatedImage","url":"https://community.f5.com/t5/s/zihoc95639/images/bS0zNDAzMTYtMko3R3pr?revision=5","title":"Slide5.jpeg","associationType":"BODY","width":3840,"height":2160,"altText":""},"AssociatedImage:{\"url\":\"https://community.f5.com/t5/s/zihoc95639/images/bS0zNDAzMTYtZXpUOFVU?revision=5\"}":{"__typename":"AssociatedImage","url":"https://community.f5.com/t5/s/zihoc95639/images/bS0zNDAzMTYtZXpUOFVU?revision=5","title":"Slide3.jpeg","associationType":"BODY","width":3840,"height":2160,"altText":""},"TkbTopicMessage:message:340316":{"__typename":"TkbTopicMessage","subject":"Driving Down Cost & Complexity: App Migration in the Cloud","conversation":{"__ref":"Conversation:conversation:340316"},"id":"message:340316","revisionNum":5,"uid":340316,"depth":0,"board":{"__ref":"Tkb:board:TechnicalArticles"},"author":{"__ref":"User:user:418292"},"teaser@stripHtml({\"removeProcessingText\":true,\"truncateLength\":-1})":"","introduction":"","metrics":{"__typename":"MessageMetrics","views":58},"postTime":"2025-04-23T05:00:00.081-07:00","lastPublishTime":"2025-04-23T05:00:00.081-07:00","body@stripHtml({\"removeProcessingText\":true,\"removeSpoilerMarkup\":true,\"removeTocMarkup\":true,\"truncateLength\":-1})":" Introduction \n The digital transformation journey for many organizations involves migrating applications to the cloud. This process, while beneficial, can be fraught with challenges related to cost, complexity, and security. This white paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview of how organizations can drive down costs and simplify the complexity of app migrations to the cloud, leveraging solutions from F5. \n \n The Pain of App Migrations \n \n App migrations are often driven by the need for cost optimization, meeting business requirements, and responding to external factors and market pressures. However, the process can be painful due to delays in internal processes, budget constraints, and the need for secure migrations without publicly advertising the app or its API endpoints. \n The app migration process can be divided into the following phases: \n \n Plan: Determine if a lift and shift or refactor is needed and estimate the time required 3 \n Prepare: Assess infrastructure, ensure compliance and security requirements 4 \n Build: Begin migrating the application or refactoring the process \n Pre-Production Testing: Test in staging environments and check for vulnerabilities \n Production Testing: Run new and legacy environments in production and test for resilience \n Go Live: Deploy the application to the production environment \n Decommission Legacy App: Proceed with the decommissioning of the legacy app \n \n Individuals within organizations can identify app migration opportunities by listening for key pain points such as the need to consolidate cloud applications; changes in VMware's contract terms, challenges in ongoing migrations, plans for datacenter consolidation, and timelines for new application cutovers. \n Key persons looking to migrate apps are… \n \n VP of IT: Manages IT operations and ensures systems run smoothly \n Cloud Architect: Designs and implements cloud infrastructure \n SecOps: Ensures the security posture of apps, focusing on threat detection, incident response, and compliance \n DevOps: Ensures smooth integration between development and operations, optimizing the deployment pipeline and managing CI/CD workflows \n \n Whether your migration is between cloud providers or on-prem, F5’s solution seamlessly ties together all the ends. \n \n The Process: Migrating Apps with F5 \n Comprised of three integrated components to accelerate time to market and reduce redundancies, an F5 solution provides: \n \n Deployable Software (CE): Abstracts multi-environment complexity \n Distributed Cloud App Connect: Provides app connectivity and secure network overlay \n SaaS-Console: Offers universal visibility and consistent policy enforcement \n \n F5 Distributed Cloud Services simplify app migrations by ensuring observability, security, and compliance. End-to-end visibility is maintained throughout the migration, traffic is balanced across both environments, and consistent security policies are enforced. \n CE’s, deployable to most hypervisors, virtual platforms, and most public cloud providers, deliver many L3 and L7 services and capabilities, some of which include the following: \n \n Single dashboard view \n Multi-site support \n Multi-tenancy \n Native service discovery \n L7 load balancing \n L3 firewall \n L3 routing, including with BGP \n Network segmentation \n L3 VPN \n SNAT \n DHCP Server \n \n \n For migrations that include RedHat OpenShift Virtualization or Nutanix AH-V, free tools are available from each to move virtual machines between environments. For OpenShift, use the Migration toolkit for virtualization (MTV), and for Nutanix, use Nutanix Move. \n \n Regardless of the provider or platform, with an F5 XC CE at each location, re-connect the workloads on your VM’s without making any changes. Using F5 XC App Connect or Network Connect, extend L7 or L3 network services with any combination of L7 HTTP load balancing or L3 routing (and use SNAT policies only as needed). \n \n \n Demo \n The following video shows two migration scenarios and how using F5 XC simplifies the task. The first part covers how to migrate app VMs from a VMWare environment to one powered by RedHat OpenShift Virtualization. In the second part, I show how to use Nutanix Move to migrate VM’s between Nutanix clusters from one cloud provider to another. In both scenarios, F5 XC CE’s are configured to use App Connect to seamlessly deliver connectivity and security. This allows both migrations to happen without downtime to applications. \n Video: https://youtu.be/SEuSvcyxWDU \n \n \n Conclusion \n Migrating applications to the cloud can be a time consuming and costly process, but with the right strategies and solutions, organizations can overcome these challenges. F5's integrated components and services provide the necessary tools to simplify migrations, ensure security, and optimize cost. \n Additional Resources \n Scale Your DMZ with F5 Distributed Cloud Services \n Seamless Application Migration to OpenShift Virtualization with F5 Distributed Cloud \n Deploying F5 Distributed Cloud Customer Edge in Red Hat OpenShift Virtualization \n VMware NSX to Red Hat OpenShift Virtualization Migration with F5 Distributed Cloud \n How I Did it - Migrating Applications to Nutanix NC2 with F5 Distributed Cloud Secure Multicloud Networking ","body@stripHtml({\"removeProcessingText\":true,\"removeSpoilerMarkup\":true,\"removeTocMarkup\":true,\"truncateLength\":-1})@stringLength":"5308","kudosSumWeight":1,"repliesCount":0,"readOnly":false,"images":{"__typename":"AssociatedImageConnection","edges":[{"__typename":"AssociatedImageEdge","cursor":"MjUuM3wyLjF8b3wyNXxfTlZffDE","node":{"__ref":"AssociatedImage:{\"url\":\"https://community.f5.com/t5/s/zihoc95639/images/bS0zNDAzMTYtWkRlYlVv?revision=5\"}"}},{"__typename":"AssociatedImageEdge","cursor":"MjUuM3wyLjF8b3wyNXxfTlZffDI","node":{"__ref":"AssociatedImage:{\"url\":\"https://community.f5.com/t5/s/zihoc95639/images/bS0zNDAzMTYtYmNTSWRo?revision=5\"}"}},{"__typename":"AssociatedImageEdge","cursor":"MjUuM3wyLjF8b3wyNXxfTlZffDM","node":{"__ref":"AssociatedImage:{\"url\":\"https://community.f5.com/t5/s/zihoc95639/images/bS0zNDAzMTYtTjNscXAx?revision=5\"}"}},{"__typename":"AssociatedImageEdge","cursor":"MjUuM3wyLjF8b3wyNXxfTlZffDQ","node":{"__ref":"AssociatedImage:{\"url\":\"https://community.f5.com/t5/s/zihoc95639/images/bS0zNDAzMTYtMko3R3pr?revision=5\"}"}},{"__typename":"AssociatedImageEdge","cursor":"MjUuM3wyLjF8b3wyNXxfTlZffDU","node":{"__ref":"AssociatedImage:{\"url\":\"https://community.f5.com/t5/s/zihoc95639/images/bS0zNDAzMTYtZXpUOFVU?revision=5\"}"}}],"totalCount":5,"pageInfo":{"__typename":"PageInfo","hasNextPage":false,"endCursor":null,"hasPreviousPage":false,"startCursor":null}},"videos":{"__typename":"VideoConnection","edges":[{"__typename":"VideoEdge","cursor":"MHxodHRwczovL3lvdXR1LmJlL1NFdVN2Y3l4V0RVLzE3NDQxNDA3MjY5Njd8MHwyNTsyNXx8","node":{"__typename":"AssociatedVideo","videoTag":{"__typename":"VideoTag","vid":"https://youtu.be/SEuSvcyxWDU/1744140726967","thumbnail":"https://i.ytimg.com/vi/SEuSvcyxWDU/hqdefault.jpg","uploading":false,"height":240,"width":320,"title":null},"videoAssociationType":"INLINE_BODY"}}],"totalCount":1,"pageInfo":{"__typename":"PageInfo","hasNextPage":false,"endCursor":null,"hasPreviousPage":false,"startCursor":null}}},"Conversation:conversation:340961":{"__typename":"Conversation","id":"conversation:340961","topic":{"__typename":"ForumTopicMessage","uid":340961},"lastPostingActivityTime":"2025-04-22T23:26:16.827-07:00","solved":false},"User:user:426815":{"__typename":"User","uid":426815,"login":"Ozzy","registrationData":{"__typename":"RegistrationData","status":null},"deleted":false,"avatar":{"__typename":"UserAvatar","url":"https://community.f5.com/t5/s/zihoc95639/m_assets/avatars/default/avatar-3.svg?time=0"},"id":"user:426815"},"ForumTopicMessage:message:340961":{"__typename":"ForumTopicMessage","subject":"Which encyrtion algorithm is used when making Kerberos ticket encyrtion.","conversation":{"__ref":"Conversation:conversation:340961"},"id":"message:340961","revisionNum":1,"uid":340961,"depth":0,"board":{"__ref":"Forum:board:TechnicalForum"},"author":{"__ref":"User:user:426815"},"metrics":{"__typename":"MessageMetrics","views":24},"postTime":"2025-04-22T23:26:16.827-07:00","lastPublishTime":"2025-04-22T23:26:16.827-07:00","body@stripHtml({\"removeProcessingText\":true,\"removeSpoilerMarkup\":true,\"removeTocMarkup\":true,\"truncateLength\":-1})":" Which algorithm is used when making Kerberos ticket encyrtion. Hello, we have created and installed all encyrption methods as all in the keytab file. Now how can I see which encyrption method is used by the application that does kerberos authentication on F5? We will detect applications that use old encyption methods and force them to use the new methods. It would be great if anyone has any experience, suggestions or knowledge on how to solve this issue. ","body@stripHtml({\"removeProcessingText\":true,\"removeSpoilerMarkup\":true,\"removeTocMarkup\":true,\"truncateLength\":-1})@stringLength":"469","kudosSumWeight":0,"repliesCount":0,"readOnly":false,"images":{"__typename":"AssociatedImageConnection","edges":[],"totalCount":0,"pageInfo":{"__typename":"PageInfo","hasNextPage":false,"endCursor":null,"hasPreviousPage":false,"startCursor":null}},"videos":{"__typename":"VideoConnection","edges":[],"totalCount":0,"pageInfo":{"__typename":"PageInfo","hasNextPage":false,"endCursor":null,"hasPreviousPage":false,"startCursor":null}}},"Conversation:conversation:340340":{"__typename":"Conversation","id":"conversation:340340","topic":{"__typename":"TkbTopicMessage","uid":340340},"lastPostingActivityTime":"2025-04-22T05:00:00.067-07:00","solved":false},"User:user:166012":{"__typename":"User","uid":166012,"login":"Kyle_Roberts","registrationData":{"__typename":"RegistrationData","status":null},"deleted":false,"avatar":{"__typename":"UserAvatar","url":"https://community.f5.com/t5/s/zihoc95639/images/dS0xNjYwMTItMjI2ODJpOTI3MDRGRDc2QjVCMDFDQg"},"id":"user:166012"},"TkbTopicMessage:message:340340":{"__typename":"TkbTopicMessage","subject":"Introducing the New F5 Bot Defense Self-Service UI","conversation":{"__ref":"Conversation:conversation:340340"},"id":"message:340340","revisionNum":9,"uid":340340,"depth":0,"board":{"__ref":"Tkb:board:TechnicalArticles"},"author":{"__ref":"User:user:166012"},"teaser@stripHtml({\"removeProcessingText\":true,\"truncateLength\":-1})":"","introduction":"","metrics":{"__typename":"MessageMetrics","views":78},"postTime":"2025-04-22T05:00:00.067-07:00","lastPublishTime":"2025-04-22T05:00:00.067-07:00","body@stripHtml({\"removeProcessingText\":true,\"removeSpoilerMarkup\":true,\"removeTocMarkup\":true,\"truncateLength\":-1})":" Bot Defense Advanced protects your web and mobile application endpoints from automated attacks by identifying and mitigating malicious or bad bots. For more information about Bot Defense Advanced features, see Bot Defense Overview \n Important: Bot Defense Advanced Self-Service Policy Management is an Early Access feature. \n Step 1: Sign Up for Bot Defense Advanced \n To enable Bot Defense Advanced, contact your F5 Technical Account Manager (TAM). Once enabled, your TAM and the F5 Services team help you quickly get your Bot Defense Advanced infrastructure and policies configured to protect your applications from automated attacks, such as credential stuffing, denial of service, web scraping and so on. \n As your applications change and you add new endpoints to your environment, you can use Bot Defense Advanced Self-Service Policy Management to make changes to your policies, or you can contact your TAM for assistance. To make changes to your Bot infrastructure, contact your TAM. \n Bot Defense Advanced Self-Service Policy Management is available from the Distributed Cloud Console. You must have one or more of the following permissions: \n \n f5xc-bot-defense-admin role: Provides advanced administrative access, including service activation. \n f5xc-bot-defense-user role: Provides read and write access to bot policies and read access to bot infrastructure. This role also grants permission to deploy new bot policy versions. \n f5xc-bot-defense-monitor role: Provides read-only access to bot infrastructure, bot policies and dashboards. \n f5xc-bot-defense-report role: Provides permissions to create and manage monthly Bot Defense reports. \n \n If you do not have any of these roles, contact your Bot Defense administrator or your TAM. \n Step 2: Decide What You Want to Protect \n You must decide which endpoints you want to protect with Bot Defense. For information about what to consider when you configure web and mobile endpoints, see the following information: \n \n Protect Web-Based Endpoints \n Protect Mobile Endpoints \n \n Step 3: Configure Your Bot Policies \n Bot Defense Advanced provides three system policies that allow you to control system configuration settings: \n \n Bot Endpoint Policy \n Bot Allowlist Policy \n Bot Network Policy \n \n The F5 Operations team performs a site analysis and creates the initial version of each policy and then works with you to deploy the policies in your Bot Infrastructure. \n Bot Defense Advanced Self-Service Policy Management allows you to make and deploy any necessary changes to your policies, for example, to protect new endpoints, update mitigation actions, add new clients to the allowlist or to add new network routes. If you prefer, you can also work with your F5 Operations Team to make these changes. \n Use the Distributed Cloud Console to view and manage your policies, including details of current and past policy versions. \n Step 4: Test Your Configuration \n Use the Test cluster provided to you by F5 to test your Bot Defense deployment and help ensure that Bot Defense policies are properly configured, that JavaScript tags are injected in your application pages correctly, or that you have correctly integrated the mobile SDK. \n For information, see Test Your Bot Defense Advanced Configuration. \n Step 5: Deploy Policies in Your Production Environment \n After you verify in your test environment that Bot Defense is configured correctly and correctly identifying automated traffic, work with your F5 Operations team to deploy your policies in a production environment. \n \n Bot Defense Advanced Self-Service Policy Management Demo: \n \n \n Related Resources: \n \n Deploy Bot Defense on any Edge with F5 Distributed Cloud (SaaS Console, Automation) \n Protecting Your Web Applications Against Critical OWASP Automated Threats \n Making Mobile SDK Integration Ridiculously Easy with F5 XC Mobile SDK Integrator \n JavaScript Supply Chains, Magecart, and F5 XC Client-Side Defense (Demo) \n Bots, Fraud, and the OWASP Automated Threats Project (Overview) \n Protecting Your Native Mobile Apps with F5 XC Mobile App Shield \n Enabling F5 Distributed Cloud Client-Side Defense in BIG-IP 17.1 \n Bot Defense for Mobile Apps in XC WAAP Part 1: The Bot Defense Mobile SDK \n F5 Distributed Cloud WAAP \n Distributed Cloud Services Overview \n Enable and Configure Bot Defense - F5 Distributed Cloud Service \n ","body@stripHtml({\"removeProcessingText\":true,\"removeSpoilerMarkup\":true,\"removeTocMarkup\":true,\"truncateLength\":-1})@stringLength":"4396","kudosSumWeight":1,"repliesCount":0,"readOnly":false,"images":{"__typename":"AssociatedImageConnection","edges":[],"totalCount":0,"pageInfo":{"__typename":"PageInfo","hasNextPage":false,"endCursor":null,"hasPreviousPage":false,"startCursor":null}},"videos":{"__typename":"VideoConnection","edges":[{"__typename":"VideoEdge","cursor":"MHxodHRwczovL3lvdXR1LmJlL2g1SzNSOWhMSFpvLzE3NDQwNjAzODc0MDZ8MHwyNTsyNXx8","node":{"__typename":"AssociatedVideo","videoTag":{"__typename":"VideoTag","vid":"https://youtu.be/h5K3R9hLHZo/1744060387406","thumbnail":"https://i.ytimg.com/vi/h5K3R9hLHZo/hqdefault.jpg","uploading":false,"height":240,"width":320,"title":null},"videoAssociationType":"INLINE_BODY"}}],"totalCount":1,"pageInfo":{"__typename":"PageInfo","hasNextPage":false,"endCursor":null,"hasPreviousPage":false,"startCursor":null}}},"Conversation:conversation:340857":{"__typename":"Conversation","id":"conversation:340857","topic":{"__typename":"TkbTopicMessage","uid":340857},"lastPostingActivityTime":"2025-04-21T12:33:58.238-07:00","solved":false},"User:user:419633":{"__typename":"User","uid":419633,"login":"Koichi","registrationData":{"__typename":"RegistrationData","status":null},"deleted":false,"avatar":{"__typename":"UserAvatar","url":"https://community.f5.com/t5/s/zihoc95639/images/dS00MTk2MzMtMjUxMTJpODRENkE1RkUxRjBDNkI2QQ"},"id":"user:419633"},"AssociatedImage:{\"url\":\"https://community.f5.com/t5/s/zihoc95639/images/bS0zNDA4NTctcThKOUlO?revision=3\"}":{"__typename":"AssociatedImage","url":"https://community.f5.com/t5/s/zihoc95639/images/bS0zNDA4NTctcThKOUlO?revision=3","title":"F5SIRT.jpeg","associationType":"TEASER","width":680,"height":383,"altText":""},"TkbTopicMessage:message:340857":{"__typename":"TkbTopicMessage","subject":"EV Car Hacking, AI bypass KYC, LLM does not trust human, and Active Cyber Defense","conversation":{"__ref":"Conversation:conversation:340857"},"id":"message:340857","revisionNum":3,"uid":340857,"depth":0,"board":{"__ref":"Tkb:board:security-insights"},"author":{"__ref":"User:user:419633"},"teaser@stripHtml({\"removeProcessingText\":true,\"truncateLength\":-1})":" This Week In Security April 6-12 edition. In this article, discussing these topics: EV Car Hacking, AI bypass KYC, LLM does not trust human, and Active Cyber Defense. \n ","introduction":"","metrics":{"__typename":"MessageMetrics","views":307},"postTime":"2025-04-16T11:00:05.802-07:00","lastPublishTime":"2025-04-21T12:33:58.238-07:00","body@stripHtml({\"removeProcessingText\":true,\"removeSpoilerMarkup\":true,\"removeTocMarkup\":true,\"truncateLength\":-1})":" Notable news for the week of April 6-12, 2025. This week, your editor is Koichi from F5 Security Incident Response Team. In this edition, I have security news about EV Car Hacking, AI bypass KYC, LLM does not trust human, and Active Cyber Defense. \n We at F5 SIRT invest a lot of time to understand the frequently changing behavior of bad actors. Bad actors are a threat to your business, your reputation, your livelihood. That’s why we take the security of your business seriously. When you’re under attack, we’ll work quickly to effectively mitigate attacks and vulnerabilities, and get you back up and running. So next time you are under security emergency, please contact F5 SIRT. \n EV Car Hacking \n Last week was BlackHat Asia Week in Singapore. At BlackHat Asia 2025, PCAutomotive researchers announced that Nissan's EV, the LEAF ZE1, was vulnerable to a remote cyber-attack that could hack the car. According to the presentation, there is a vulnerability in its Bluetooth function of the infotainment system which maek attacker enabled to use the infotainment system’s Bluetooth capabilities to infiltrate the car’s internal CAN network. The malicious attacker will establish C2 communication via mobile communications. Researchers had already reported the vulnerability to Nissan in August 2023, and it was approved as vulnerabilities three months later. Eight CVEs, from CVE-2025-32056 to CVE-2025-32063 were assigned for these vulnerabilities this year. Nissan did not comment on the details for security reasons, but said it would continue to address the cyber-attack. \n Source: Researchers find vulnerabilities that can be exploited to remotely take control of a Nissan Leaf’s functions, including physical controls \n AI generated passport can bypass KYC \n It is widely known that Generative AI can generate any image. Someone may be tempted to try to create an image of a passport. Researchers in Poland used ChatGPT-4o to generate a passport image in just five minutes. This passport image is of course fake, but experts claim that this image might be able to bypass an automated Know Your Customer(KYC) systems since digital identity verification systems do not use chip verification, but rely solely on matching the image. Experts warned that the proliferation of generative AI has increased the threat of mass identity theft, fraudulent credit applications and fake account creation, and call for stronger defense strategies, such as the use of NFC-based authentication and electronic identity (eID). \n Source: Expert used ChatGPT-4o to create a replica of his passport in just 5 minutes bypassing KYC \n LLM does not trust you, human \n We humans have come to use LLMs such as ChatGPT extensively and think of LLMs as ‘useful guys’. However, we do not know what LLMs think of us. An interesting paper was posted in arXiv this month that challenges that question. \n Measurement of LLM's Philosophises of Human Nature is a study applying psychological scale to investigate LLMs' perceptions of human. An psychological scale to LLM, named the Machine-based Philosophies of Human Nature Scale (M-PHNS), which is based on Wrightsman's Philosophies of Human Nature Scale (PHNS) had used to assesses multiple LLMs. The results of testing exhibit a systemic lack of trust in humans. Many LLMs showed various negative perception towards humans, such as being ‘untrustworthy’ and ‘selfish’. Furthermore there is a significant negative correlation between the model's intelligence level and its trust in humans. The paper proposes that the solution is to improve LLMs' perceptions using a new framework called “Mental Loop Learning”. \n Source: Measurement of LLM's Philosophises of Human Nature \n \"Active Cyber Defense\" Part 4 \n In a former TWIS articles, I wrote about the “Active Cyber Defense” that the Japanese government is trying to introduce, and there was progress again. \n On 8 April the Active Cyber Defense bill was passed by a majority of the ruling and opposition parties in the plenary session of the House of Representatives and sent to the House of Councilors after amendments were made, such as increasing parliamentary involvement. \n The ”Active Cyber Defense\" bill would allow the Government to get agreements with operators of critical infrastructure and acquire communications information in order to monitor for the Cyber Attack threat. It will also allow the police and the Self Defense Forces, with the approval to access the attacker's servers and other systems and take steps to render them harmless, in order to prevent serious damage. \n Source: https://www3.nhk.or.jp/news/html/20250408/k10014773221000.html (Japanese) ","body@stripHtml({\"removeProcessingText\":true,\"removeSpoilerMarkup\":true,\"removeTocMarkup\":true,\"truncateLength\":-1})@stringLength":"4687","kudosSumWeight":3,"repliesCount":0,"readOnly":false,"images":{"__typename":"AssociatedImageConnection","edges":[{"__typename":"AssociatedImageEdge","cursor":"MjUuM3wyLjF8b3wyNXxfTlZffDE","node":{"__ref":"AssociatedImage:{\"url\":\"https://community.f5.com/t5/s/zihoc95639/images/bS0zNDA4NTctcThKOUlO?revision=3\"}"}}],"totalCount":1,"pageInfo":{"__typename":"PageInfo","hasNextPage":false,"endCursor":null,"hasPreviousPage":false,"startCursor":null}},"videos":{"__typename":"VideoConnection","edges":[],"totalCount":0,"pageInfo":{"__typename":"PageInfo","hasNextPage":false,"endCursor":null,"hasPreviousPage":false,"startCursor":null}}},"Conversation:conversation:340380":{"__typename":"Conversation","id":"conversation:340380","topic":{"__typename":"TkbTopicMessage","uid":340380},"lastPostingActivityTime":"2025-04-21T09:52:12.442-07:00","solved":false},"AssociatedImage:{\"url\":\"https://community.f5.com/t5/s/zihoc95639/images/bS0zNDAzODAtZUtyZGk0?revision=7\"}":{"__typename":"AssociatedImage","url":"https://community.f5.com/t5/s/zihoc95639/images/bS0zNDAzODAtZUtyZGk0?revision=7","title":"clipboard_image-1-1742500880873.png","associationType":"BODY","width":1709,"height":768,"altText":""},"AssociatedImage:{\"url\":\"https://community.f5.com/t5/s/zihoc95639/images/bS0zNDAzODAtREZqSlJL?revision=7\"}":{"__typename":"AssociatedImage","url":"https://community.f5.com/t5/s/zihoc95639/images/bS0zNDAzODAtREZqSlJL?revision=7","title":"clipboard_image-2-1742500880884.png","associationType":"BODY","width":1430,"height":599,"altText":""},"AssociatedImage:{\"url\":\"https://community.f5.com/t5/s/zihoc95639/images/bS0zNDAzODAtZlh1cXFJ?revision=7\"}":{"__typename":"AssociatedImage","url":"https://community.f5.com/t5/s/zihoc95639/images/bS0zNDAzODAtZlh1cXFJ?revision=7","title":"clipboard_image-3-1742500880896.png","associationType":"BODY","width":1072,"height":670,"altText":""},"AssociatedImage:{\"url\":\"https://community.f5.com/t5/s/zihoc95639/images/bS0zNDAzODAtaDd0Uzhu?revision=7\"}":{"__typename":"AssociatedImage","url":"https://community.f5.com/t5/s/zihoc95639/images/bS0zNDAzODAtaDd0Uzhu?revision=7","title":"clipboard_image-4-1742500880908.png","associationType":"BODY","width":865,"height":483,"altText":""},"AssociatedImage:{\"url\":\"https://community.f5.com/t5/s/zihoc95639/images/bS0zNDAzODAtWWlRZk1F?revision=7\"}":{"__typename":"AssociatedImage","url":"https://community.f5.com/t5/s/zihoc95639/images/bS0zNDAzODAtWWlRZk1F?revision=7","title":"clipboard_image-5-1742500880917.png","associationType":"BODY","width":853,"height":469,"altText":""},"AssociatedImage:{\"url\":\"https://community.f5.com/t5/s/zihoc95639/images/bS0zNDAzODAtYUJjQnA0?revision=7\"}":{"__typename":"AssociatedImage","url":"https://community.f5.com/t5/s/zihoc95639/images/bS0zNDAzODAtYUJjQnA0?revision=7","title":"clipboard_image-6-1742500880922.png","associationType":"BODY","width":1281,"height":381,"altText":""},"TkbTopicMessage:message:340380":{"__typename":"TkbTopicMessage","subject":"F5 rSeries: Next-Generation Fully Automatable Hardware","conversation":{"__ref":"Conversation:conversation:340380"},"id":"message:340380","revisionNum":7,"uid":340380,"depth":0,"board":{"__ref":"Tkb:board:TechnicalArticles"},"author":{"__ref":"User:user:129415"},"teaser@stripHtml({\"removeProcessingText\":true,\"truncateLength\":-1})":"","introduction":"F5 rSeries is a rearchitected, next-generation hardware platform that scales application delivery performance and automates application services to address many of today’s most critical business challenges.","metrics":{"__typename":"MessageMetrics","views":205},"postTime":"2025-03-31T05:00:00.029-07:00","lastPublishTime":"2025-04-21T09:52:12.442-07:00","body@stripHtml({\"removeProcessingText\":true,\"removeSpoilerMarkup\":true,\"removeTocMarkup\":true,\"truncateLength\":-1})":" \n\n \n What is rSeries? \n F5 rSeries is a rearchitected, next-generation hardware platform that scales application delivery performance and automates application services to address many of today’s most critical business challenges. \n rSeries relies on a Kubernetes-based platform layer (F5OS) that is tightly integrated with F5 TMOS software. Going to a microservice-based platform layer allows rSeries to provide additional functionality that was not possible in previous generations of F5 BIG-IP platforms. Customers do not need to learn Kubernetes but still get the benefits of it. Management of the hardware will still be done via a familiar F5 CLI, webUI or API. \n The additional benefit of automation capabilities can greatly simplify the process of deploying F5 products. A significant amount of time and resources are saved due to automation, which translates to more time to perform critical tasks. \n F5OS rSeries UI \n \n \n Why is this important? \n \n \n Get more done in less time by using a highly automatable hardware platform that can deploy software solutions in seconds, not minutes or hours. \n Increased performance improves ROI: The rSeries platform is a high performance and highly scalable appliance with improved processing power. \n Running multiple versions on the same platform allows for more flexibility than previously possible. \n Pay-as-you-Grow licensing options that unlock more CPU resources. \n \n \n \n Key rSeries Use-Cases \n \n NetOps Automation \n \n Shorten time to market by automating network operations and offering cloud like orchestration with full stack programmability \n Drive app development and delivery with self-service and faster response time \n \n Business Continuity \n \n Drive consistent policies across on-prem and public cloud and across hardware and software based ADCs \n Build resiliency with rSeries’ superior performance and failover capabilities \n Future proof investments by running multiple versions of apps side-by-side; migrate applications at your own pace \n \n Cloud Migration On-Ramp \n \n Accelerate cloud strategy by adopting cloud operating models and on-demand scalability with rSeries and use that as on ramp to cloud \n Dramatically reduce TCO with rSeries systems; extend commercial models to migrate from hardware to software or as applications move to cloud \n \n \n Automation Capabilities \n \n Declarative APIs and integration with automation frameworks (Terraform, Ansible) greatly simplifies operations and reduces overhead: \n \n AS3 (Application Services 3 Extension): A declarative API that simplifies the configuration of application services. With AS3, customers can deploy and manage configurations consistently across environments. \n Ansible Automation: Prebuilt Ansible modules for rSeries enable automated provisioning, configuration, and updates, reducing manual effort and minimizing errors. \n Terraform: Organizations leveraging Infrastructure as Code (IaC) can use Terraform to define and automate the deployment of rSeries appliances and associated configurations. \n \n Example json file: \n \n Example of running the Automation Playbook: \n \n Example of the results: \n \n More information on Automation: \n Automating F5OS on rSeries \n GitHub Automation Repository \n \n Specialized Hardware Performance \n \n rSeries offers more hardware-accelerated performance capabilities with more FPGA chipsets that are more tightly integrated with TMOS. It also includes the latest Intel processing capabilities. This enhances the following: \n \n SSL and compression offload \n L4 offload for higher performance and reduced load on software \n Hardware-accelerated SYN flood protection \n Hardware-based protection from more than 100 types of denial-of-service (DoS) attacks \n Support for F5 Intelligence Services \n \n Migration Options (BIG-IP Journeys) \n \n Use BIG-IP Jouneys to easily migrate your existing configuration to rSeries. This covers the following: \n \n Entire L4-L7 configuration can be migrated \n Individual Applications can be migrated \n BIG-IP Tenant configuration can be migrated \n Automatically identify and resolve migration issues \n Convert UCS files into AS3 declarations if needed \n Post-deployment diagnostics and health \n \n \n \n The Journeys Tool, available on DevCentral’s GitHub, facilitates the migration of legacy BIG-IP configurations to rSeries-compatible formats. \n Customers can convert UCS files, validate configurations, and highlight unsupported features during the migration process. \n Multi-tenancy capabilities in rSeries simplify the process of isolating workloads during and after migration. \n \n GitHub repository for F5 Journeys \n \n Conclusion \n \n The F5 rSeries platform addresses the modern enterprise’s need for high-performance, scalable, and efficient application delivery and security solutions. By combining cutting-edge hardware capabilities with robust automation tools and flexible migration options, rSeries empowers organizations to seamlessly transition from legacy platforms while unlocking new levels of performance and operational agility. Whether driven by the need for increased throughput, advanced multi-tenancy, the rSeries platform stands as a future-ready solution for securing and optimizing application delivery in an increasingly complex IT landscape. \n \n Related Content \n Cloud Docs rSeries Guide \n F5 rSeries Appliance Datasheet \n F5 VELOS: A Next-Generation Fully Automatable Platform \n Demo Video \n \n 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VELOS: A Next-Generation Fully Automatable Platform","conversation":{"__ref":"Conversation:conversation:340253"},"id":"message:340253","revisionNum":18,"uid":340253,"depth":0,"board":{"__ref":"Tkb:board:TechnicalArticles"},"author":{"__ref":"User:user:129415"},"teaser@stripHtml({\"removeProcessingText\":true,\"truncateLength\":-1})":"","introduction":"F5 VELOS is a secure, high-performance Application Delivery Controller chassis system that enables organizations to meet the demands of high-growth AI apps and AI network data ingestion with unmatched scalability, flexibility, and resilience.","metrics":{"__typename":"MessageMetrics","views":211},"postTime":"2025-03-24T05:00:00.038-07:00","lastPublishTime":"2025-04-21T09:52:09.828-07:00","body@stripHtml({\"removeProcessingText\":true,\"removeSpoilerMarkup\":true,\"removeTocMarkup\":true,\"truncateLength\":-1})":" \n\n \n What is VELOS? \n The F5 VELOS platform is the next generation of F5’s chassis-based systems. VELOS can bridge traditional and modern application architectures by supporting a mix of traditional F5 BIG-IP tenants as well as next-generation BIG-IP Next tenants in the future. \n VELOS relies on a Kubernetes-based platform layer (F5OS) that is tightly integrated with F5 TMOS software. Going to a microservice-based platform layer allows VELOS to provide additional functionality that was not possible in previous generations of F5 BIG-IP platforms. Customers do not need to learn Kubernetes but still get the benefits of it. Management of the chassis will still be done via a familiar F5 CLI, webUI, or API. \n The additional benefit of automation capabilities can greatly simplify the process of deploying F5 products. A significant amount of time and resources are saved due to automation, which translates to more time to perform critical tasks. \n F5OS VELOS UI \n \n \n Why is VELOS important? \n \n Get more done in less time by using a highly automatable hardware platform that can deploy software solutions in seconds, not minutes or hours. \n Increased performance improves ROI: The VELOS platform is a high-performance and highly scalable chassis with improved processing power. \n Running multiple versions on the same platform allows for more flexibility than previously possible. \n Significantly reduce the TCO of previous-generation hardware by consolidating multiple platforms into one. \n \n \n \n Key VELOS Use-Cases \n NetOps Automation \n \n Shorten time to market by automating network operations and offering cloud-like orchestration with full-stack programmability \n Drive app development and delivery with self-service and faster response time \n \n Business Continuity \n \n Drive consistent policies across on-prem and public cloud and across hardware and software-based ADCs \n Build resiliency with VELOS’ superior platform redundancy and failover capabilities \n Future-proof investments by running multiple versions of apps side-by-side; migrate applications at your own pace \n \n Cloud Migration On-Ramp \n \n Accelerate cloud strategy by adopting cloud operating models and on-demand scalability with VELOS and use that as on-ramp to cloud \n Dramatically reduce TCO with VELOS systems; extend commercial models to migrate from hardware to software or as applications move to cloud \n \n \n Automation Capabilities \n Declarative APIs and integration with automation frameworks (Terraform, Ansible) greatly simplifies operations and reduces overhead: \n \n AS3 (Application Services 3 Extension): A declarative API that simplifies the configuration of application services. With AS3, customers can deploy and manage configurations consistently across environments. \n Ansible Automation: Prebuilt Ansible modules for VELOS enable automated provisioning, configuration, and updates, reducing manual effort and minimizing errors. \n Terraform: Organizations leveraging Infrastructure as Code (IaC) can use Terraform to define and automate the deployment of VELOS appliances and associated configurations. \n \n Example json file: \n \n Example of running the Automation Playbook: \n \n Example of the results: \n \n More information on Automation: \n Automating F5OS on VELOS \n GitHub Automation Repository \n \n Specialized Hardware Performance \n VELOS offers more hardware-accelerated performance capabilities with more FPGA chipsets that are more tightly integrated with TMOS. It also includes the latest Intel processing capabilities. This enhances the following: \n \n SSL and compression offload \n L4 offload for higher performance and reduced load on software \n Hardware-accelerated SYN flood protection \n Hardware-based protection from more than 100 types of denial-of-service (DoS) attacks \n Support for F5 Intelligence Services \n \n VELOS CX1610 chassis \n \n VELOS BX520 blade \n \n \n Migration Options (BIG-IP Journeys) \n Use BIG-IP Journeys to easily migrate your existing configuration to VELOS. This covers the following: \n \n Entire L4-L7 configuration can be migrated \n Individual Applications can be migrated \n BIG-IP Tenant configuration can be migrated \n Automatically identify and resolve migration issues \n Convert UCS files into AS3 declarations if needed \n Post-deployment diagnostics and health \n \n \n \n The Journeys Tool, available on DevCentral’s GitHub, facilitates the migration of legacy BIG-IP configurations to VELOS-compatible formats. \n Customers can convert UCS files, validate configurations, and highlight unsupported features during the migration process. \n Multi-tenancy capabilities in VELOS simplify the process of isolating workloads during and after migration. \n \n GitHub repository for F5 Journeys \n \n Conclusion \n The F5 VELOS platform addresses the modern enterprise’s need for high-performance, scalable, and efficient application delivery and security solutions. By combining cutting-edge hardware capabilities with robust automation tools and flexible migration options, VELOS empowers organizations to seamlessly transition from legacy platforms while unlocking new levels of performance and operational agility. Whether driven by the need for increased throughput, advanced multi-tenancy, the VELOS platform stands as a future-ready solution for securing and optimizing application delivery in an increasingly complex IT landscape. \n \n Related Content \n Cloud Docs VELOS Guide \n F5 VELOS Chassic System Datasheet \n F5 rSeries: Next-Generation Fully Automatable Hardware \n Demo Video \n 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