Control It All with iControl

The concept of Application programming interfaces (APIs) has been around for a while.

According to CSC Distinguished Engineer & Chief Product Architect (and bass player) Martin Bartlett,

'The concept of an API pre-dates even the advent of personal computing, let alone the Web, by a very long time! The principal of a well-documented set of publicly addressable "entry points" that allow an application to interact with another system has been an essential part of software development since the earliest days of utility data processing. However, the advent of distributed systems, and then the web itself, has seen the importance and utility of these same basic concepts increased dramatically.’ (Courtesy: http://history.apievangelist.com/)

An API is a set of routine definitions, protocols, and tools for building software and applications. It is software written to function as a communication bridge between Web applications. That’s how iControl started according to Joe Pruitt – as a way for the early versions of BIG-IP LTM (BIG-IP) and BIG-IP DNS (3-DNS/GTM) to communicate with each other to ensure they were making the right traffic management decisions. And this was 16 years ago!

Today, APIs are all over place running behind the curtains without any direct user interaction. They are primarily used for computer consumption and typically absorbed by web applications. APIs make services available for developers to build those same services into their applications. eBay, Amazon & AWS, Facebook, Twitter and Google Maps are some examples you might be familiar with. For instance, Google Maps has an API so developers can use the backend services to create their own ‘maps.’ Maybe it is a map of restaurants in the vicinity of a hotel. The hotel website could use the Google maps API to show different shopping, eating or recreational activities in the area. They wouldn’t need to develop the maps nor house the data themselves.

With the Internet of Things (IoT), APIs allow you to share, manage, access and interact with your previously unconnected items like cameras, bicycles and even medicine bottles. And there are many IoT APIs that are available.

And that’s really the point with iControl.

Whether you’re looking to tweak a feature or spin up 500 new pool members, iControl can do it. Anything you can do via the command line or GUI, you can accomplish via iControl. And, you can do it programmatically so you don’t have to enter in every single command in the chain, or wake up someone at 3am during the change control window just to bleed the servers off a pool.

iControl is F5’s open, web services-based API that allows complete, dynamic, and programmatic control of control over nearly every aspect of both execution and configuration on BIG-IP systems. With iControl you can work like a wizard—add, modify, or configure your F5 device in real time. It is the primary means through which BIG-IP is integrated into both commercial management offerings and cloud computing environments. In short, iControl is a simple, light weight API that allows you programmatic access via Traffic Management Shell (tmsh) commands.

And now you can say, 'I control my infrastructure with iControl.'

Published Sep 15, 2010

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Santos_Rodrigue
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I'm not sure if you've figured this out yet. I'm working on setting up APM as an Oauth client using AzureAD as an authentication server. You'll need to register your app in AD first: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/active-directory/develop/v1-protocols-oauth-code. Then set up your oauth server and provider. The documentatoin on F5 isnt very good yet but there are some agility labs that can help: https://f5-agility-labs-iam.readthedocs.io/en/latest/

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Late last night as I was heading to bed I checked twitter (send help, I need an intervention STAT!) and noticed a comment about how to copy a virtual server. I answered in short and he has already arrived at a solution, but I thought this would be a good opportunity to look at a few of the options available to you.

\n\n

Using the Repeat Button

\n\n

When using the GUI, an often overlooked feature is the Repeat button just to the left of where most people click Finished. Using repeat will maintain your settings on most objects, so you can just provide a new name and tweak/tune what you need to make a clean new object. In the case of a virtual server like what CISCOGUY is requesting, that’s a new name and a new destination. Everything else can remain the same. This is very handy in saving time and potential human error issues.

\n\n

It’s pretty cut and dry for like virtuals, but in the case of creating an SSL version of the HTTP virtual, there are some decisions to make. If it is just delivery and not offload, you can’t apply the http profile because it can’t read the traffic. But if you are going to offload, you need to specify a clientssl profile in addition to the name/destination changes.

\n\n

So for a quick example, I created a virtual bigvip_80 with a destination of 192.168.102.60:80 and enabled only on vlan v102, applied snat automap, set my pool to testpool, and applied source address persistence:

\n\n

\nltm virtual bigvip_80 { destination 192.168.102.60:http ip-protocol tcp mask 255.255.255.255 \\\npersist { source_addr { default yes } } pool testpool profiles { tcp { } } source 0.0.0.0/0 \\\nsource-address-translation { type automap } translate-address enabled translate-port \\\nenabled vlans { v102 } vlans-enabled vs-index 5 }

\n\n

I then hit the Repeat button and changed only the name and destination. To confirm, we can use the tmsh listing to validate the differences with the diff command in the bash shell:

\n\n

\n[root@ltm3:Active:Standalone] config # tmsh list ltm virtual bigvip_80 > /var/tmp/bigvip_80.txt\n[root@ltm3:Active:Standalone] config # tmsh list ltm virtual bigvip_443 > /var/tmp/bigvip_443.txt\n[root@ltm3:Active:Standalone] config # diff /var/tmp/bigvip_80.txt /var/tmp/bigvip_443.txt\n1,2c1,2\n< ltm virtual bigvip_80 {\n<     destination 192.168.102.60:http\n---\n> ltm virtual bigvip_443 {\n>     destination 192.168.102.60:https\n24c24\n<     vs-index 5\n---\n>     vs-index 6

\n\n

The vs-index can be ignored for purposes of configuration.

\n\n

Editing the Config Files

\n\n

Another option available to you is to just manually edit the configuration file. This is not a recommended process, but it can be done. One of the reasons it is not recommended is the number of people who might be making changes to the system simultaneously. If you are editing the file while someone else saves new changes, then you save and load, you might blow their changes away. Or your changes might be blown away if you don’t load fast enough after you’ve saved the file to avoid having them overwritten by someone else. So: possible, but proceed with caution.

\n\n

Note: Just to clarify when to use config load and config save: when you make a change to the running configuration with a tmsh command, you need to save in order for that change to persist through a reboot. When you edit a configuration file, you have changed the startup config, and need to load in order to activate that configuration change in the running configuration.

\n\n

The configuration files are in the /config directory (or subdirectories if you are using partitions.) You can use your favorite editor to open the file, which in the case of a virtual server would be /config/bigip.conf for files in /Common partition. My weapon tool of choice is vi, but you are free to choose an inferior one. Simply copy and paste in file, then update the virtual name and destination as before, and make sure to remove the vs-index as that will be auto-generated when you load. Save the file, then load the configuration.

\n\n

Merging a Config File

\n\n

Merging is definitely the way to go if choosing between editing/merging. The process is considered far more safe, and you can even verify that the merge will be successful before going for it. The steps here are to list out the virtual you want to copy (similar to what I did above in the diff,) edit the resulting file with your updates, and then issue:

\n\n

\n# Verify\ntmsh load sys config file /var/tmp/bigvip_80.txt merge verify\n# Merge\ntmsh load sys config file /var/tmp/bigvip_80.txt merge\n

\n\n

Once your merge is complete you can save to persist to the startup configuration.

\n\n

Automating via iControl

\n\n

Finally, you can use automation tools to do the heavy lifting for you via an imperative process like my python script I wrote in my merging BIG-IP config files article, or via the python sdk far more simply with:

\n\n

mgmt_root.tm.sys.config.exec_cmd('load', options=['file':'/var/tmp/bigvip_80.txt', 'merge':true}])

\n\n

Assuming your file is there already, you can also upload the file via the sdk.

\n\n

For a more declarative option, you can use tools like Ansible and then you are just defining a playbook with the important stuff, like names, destinations, profiles, and the tools build everything for you.

\n\n

What other ways are you duplicating BIG-IP objects? Share below with the community!

","body@stringLength":"6700","rawBody":"

\n\n

Using the Repeat Button

\n\n

\nltm virtual bigvip_80 { destination 192.168.102.60:http ip-protocol tcp mask 255.255.255.255 \\\npersist { source_addr { default yes } } pool testpool profiles { tcp { } } source 0.0.0.0/0 \\\nsource-address-translation { type automap } translate-address enabled translate-port \\\nenabled vlans { v102 } vlans-enabled vs-index 5 }

\n\n

I then hit the Repeat button and changed only the name and destination. To confirm, we can use the tmsh listing to validate the differences with the diff command in the bash shell:

\n\n

\n[root@ltm3:Active:Standalone] config # tmsh list ltm virtual bigvip_80 > /var/tmp/bigvip_80.txt\n[root@ltm3:Active:Standalone] config # tmsh list ltm virtual bigvip_443 > /var/tmp/bigvip_443.txt\n[root@ltm3:Active:Standalone] config # diff /var/tmp/bigvip_80.txt /var/tmp/bigvip_443.txt\n1,2c1,2\n< ltm virtual bigvip_80 {\n<     destination 192.168.102.60:http\n---\n> ltm virtual bigvip_443 {\n>     destination 192.168.102.60:https\n24c24\n<     vs-index 5\n---\n>     vs-index 6

\n\n

The vs-index can be ignored for purposes of configuration.

\n\n

Editing the Config Files

\n\n

Merging a Config File

\n\n

\n# Verify\ntmsh load sys config file /var/tmp/bigvip_80.txt merge verify\n# Merge\ntmsh load sys config file /var/tmp/bigvip_80.txt merge\n

\n\n

Once your merge is complete you can save to persist to the startup configuration.

\n\n

Automating via iControl

\n\n

mgmt_root.tm.sys.config.exec_cmd('load', options=['file':'/var/tmp/bigvip_80.txt', 'merge':true}])

\n\n

Assuming your file is there already, you can also upload the file via the sdk.

\n\n

What other ways are you duplicating BIG-IP objects? Share below with the community!

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me!"},"localOverride":false},"AssociatedImage:{\"url\":\"https://community.f5.com/t5/s/zihoc95639/images/cmstMzYtWjgzVzZJ\"}":{"__typename":"AssociatedImage","url":"https://community.f5.com/t5/s/zihoc95639/images/cmstMzYtWjgzVzZJ","height":0,"width":0,"mimeType":"image/svg+xml"},"Rank:rank:36":{"__typename":"Rank","id":"rank:36","position":13,"name":"Cirrocumulus","color":"CCCCCC","icon":{"__ref":"AssociatedImage:{\"url\":\"https://community.f5.com/t5/s/zihoc95639/images/cmstMzYtWjgzVzZJ\"}"},"rankStyle":"FILLED"},"User:user:181046":{"__typename":"User","id":"user:181046","uid":181046,"login":"Leonardo_Souza","biography":null,"registrationData":{"__typename":"RegistrationData","status":null,"registrationTime":"2012-08-01T01:00:00.000-07:00"},"deleted":false,"email":"","avatar":{"__typename":"UserAvatar","url":"https://community.f5.com/t5/s/zihoc95639/m_assets/avatars/default/avatar-1.svg?time=0"},"rank":{"__ref":"Rank:rank:36"},"entityType":"USER","eventPath":"community:zihoc95639/user:181046"},"ModerationData:moderation_data:278897":{"__typename":"ModerationData","id":"moderation_data:278897","status":"APPROVED","rejectReason":null,"isReportedAbuse":false,"rejectUser":null,"rejectTime":null,"rejectActorType":null},"TkbReplyMessage:message:278897":{"__typename":"TkbReplyMessage","author":{"__ref":"User:user:181046"},"id":"message:278897","entityType":"TKB_REPLY","eventPath":"category:Articles/community:zihoc95639board:TechnicalArticles/message:278896/message:278897","revisionNum":2,"uid":278897,"depth":1,"hasGivenKudo":false,"subscribed":false,"board":{"__ref":"Tkb:board:TechnicalArticles"},"parent":{"__ref":"TkbTopicMessage:message:278896"},"conversation":{"__ref":"Conversation:conversation:278896"},"subject":"Re: Duplicating BIG-IP Objects","moderationData":{"__ref":"ModerationData:moderation_data:278897"},"body":"

The GUI with repeat button is definitely the easiest way to do, but here is another way to do this.

Create virtual server you want via tmsh:

root@(LABBIGIP1)(cfg-sync Changes Pending)(Active)(/Common)(tmos) create ltm virtual vs1 destination 10.0.0.200:80 pool pool_http\n

\n\n

Go back to history (arrow up), repeat the command with the changes you want:

root@(LABBIGIP1)(cfg-sync Changes Pending)(Active)(/Common)(tmos) create ltm virtual vs2 destination 10.0.0.200:443 pool pool_http\n

\n\n

Also, you can use the one-line option:

root@(LABBIGIP1)(cfg-sync Changes Pending)(Active)(/Common)(tmos) list ltm virtual vs2 one-line\nltm virtual vs2 { destination 10.0.0.200:https mask 255.255.255.255 pool pool_http profiles { fastL4 { } } source 0.0.0.0/0 translate-address enabled translate-port enabled vs-index 19 }\n

\n\n

Use the line you got to recreate the command, add create, add for profiles and other properties, and lastly remove the vs-index:

root@(LABBIGIP1)(cfg-sync Changes Pending)(Active)(/Common)(tmos) create ltm virtual vs3 { destination 10.0.0.200:8443 mask 255.255.255.255 pool pool_http profiles add { fastL4 { } } source 0.0.0.0/0 translate-address enabled translate-port enabled}\n

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Nice contribution, @Leonardo! Yes, I forgot the active cli magic available to you.

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Hi,

Nice article. Methods mentioned are OK but still Duplicate functionality would be nice addition to the GUI. Most of the time I am using merge way, quite easy and fast but a bit archaic.

I know that putting Duplicate function in GUI is not easy but maybe in the future...

Piotr

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I like the edit option from the cli\n

... (/Common)(tmos) edit ltm virtual http_vs

change modify to 'add', rename the VS and change the IP

add virtual http_vs1 {\n.\n.\n[esc]wq!\n

\n\n

really useful when needing to update lots of things at once too by using the replace options in vi

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ooh, that's a sneaky tweak, didn't know about that one!

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/kb/technicalarticles/control-it-all-with-icontrol/283616

Control It All with iControl

ABOUT DEVCENTRAL

RESOURCES

SUPPORT

PARTNERS

Using the Repeat Button

Editing the Config Files

Merging a Config File

Automating via iControl

Using the Repeat Button

Editing the Config Files

Merging a Config File

Automating via iControl