DDoS Mitigation

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F5 Distributed Cloud L3-L7 DDoS Mitigation
In this article you will learn how simple it is to use F5 Distributed Cloud to protect your application from DDoS attacks.
KevinGallaugher
Apr 10, 2023 Place Technical Articles
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Use F5 Distributed Cloud to service chain WAAP and CDN
The Content Delivery Network (CDN) market has become increasingly commoditized. Many providers have augmented their CDN capabilities with WAFs/WAAPs, DNS, load balancing, edge compute, and networking. Managing all these solutions together creates a web of operational complexity, which can be confusing. F5’s synergistic bundling of CDN with Web Application and API Protection (WAAP) benefits those looking for simplicity and ease of use. It provides a way around the complications and silos that many resource-strapped organizations face with their IT systems. This bundling also signifies how CDN has become a commodity product often not purchased independently anymore. This trend is encouraging many competitors to evolve their capabilities to include edge computing – a space where F5 has gained considerable experience in recent years. F5 is rapidly catching up to other providers’ CDNs. F5’s experience and leadership building the world’s best-of-breed Application Delivery Controller (ADC), the BIG-IP load balancer, put it in a unique position to offer the best application delivery and security services directly at the edge with many of its CDN points of presence. With robust regional edge capabilities and a global network, F5 has entered the CDN space with a complementary offering to an already compelling suite of features. This includes the ability to run microservices and Kubernetes workloads anywhere, with a complete range of services to support app infrastructure deployment, scale, and lifecycle management all within a single management console. With advancements made in the application security space at F5, WAAP capabilities are directly integrated into the Distributed Cloud Platform to protect both web apps and APIs. Features include (yet not limited to): Web Application Firewall: Signature + Behavioral WAF functionality Bot Defense: Detect client signals, determining if clients are human or automated DDoS Mitigation: Fully managed by F5 API Security: Continuous inspection and detection of shadow APIs Solution Combining the Distributed Cloud WAAP with CDN as a form of service chaining is a straightforward process. This not only gives you the best security protection for web apps and APIs, but also positions apps regionally to deliver them with low latency and minimal compute per request. In the following solution, we’ve combined Distributed Cloud WAAP and CDN to globally deliver an app protected by a WAF policy from the closest regional point of presence to the user. Follow along as I demonstrate how to configure the basic elements. Configuration Log in to the Distributed Cloud Console and navigate to the DNS Management service. Decide if you want Distributed Cloud to manage the DNS zone as a Primary DNS server or if you’d rather delegate the fully qualified domain name (FQDN) for your app to Distributed Cloud with a CNAME. While using Delegation or Managed DNS is optional, doing so makes it possible for Distributed Cloud to automatically create and manage the SSL certificates needed to securely publish your app. Next, in Distributed Cloud Console, navigate to the Web App and API Protection service, then go to App Firewall, then Add App Firewall. This is where you’ll create the security policy that we’ll later connect our HTTP LB. Let’s use the following basic WAF policy in YAML format, you can paste it directly in to the Console by changing the configuration view to JSON and then changing the format to YAML. Note: This uses the namespace “waap-cdn”, change this to match your individual tenant’s configuration. metadata: name: buytime-waf namespace: waap-cdn labels: {} annotations: {} disable: false spec: blocking: {} detection_settings: signature_selection_setting: default_attack_type_settings: {} high_medium_low_accuracy_signatures: {} enable_suppression: {} enable_threat_campaigns: {} default_violation_settings: {} bot_protection_setting: malicious_bot_action: BLOCK suspicious_bot_action: REPORT good_bot_action: REPORT allow_all_response_codes: {} default_anonymization: {} use_default_blocking_page: {} With the WAF policy saved, it’s time to configure the origin server. Navigate to Load Balancers > Origin Pools, then Add Origin Pool. The following YAML uses a FQDN DNS name reach the app server. Using an IP address for the server is possible as well. metadata: name: buytime-pool namespace: waap-cdn labels: {} annotations: {} disable: false spec: origin_servers: - public_name: dns_name: webserver.f5-cloud-demo.com labels: {} no_tls: {} port: 80 same_as_endpoint_port: {} healthcheck: [] loadbalancer_algorithm: LB_OVERRIDE endpoint_selection: LOCAL_PREFERRED With the supporting WAF and Origin Pool resources configured, it’s time to create the HTTP Load Balancer. Navigate to Load Balancers > HTTP Load Balancers, then create a new one. Use the following YAML to create the LB and use both resources created above. metadata: name: buytime-online namespace: waap-cdn labels: {} annotations: {} disable: false spec: domains: - buytime.waap.f5-cloud-demo.com https_auto_cert: http_redirect: true add_hsts: true port: 443 tls_config: default_security: {} no_mtls: {} default_header: {} enable_path_normalize: {} non_default_loadbalancer: {} header_transformation_type: default_header_transformation: {} advertise_on_public_default_vip: {} default_route_pools: - pool: tenant: your-tenant-uid namespace: waap-cdn name: buytime-pool kind: origin_pool weight: 1 priority: 1 endpoint_subsets: {} routes: [] app_firewall: tenant: your-tenant-uid namespace: waap-cdn name: buytime-waf kind: app_firewall add_location: true no_challenge: {} user_id_client_ip: {} disable_rate_limit: {} waf_exclusion_rules: [] data_guard_rules: [] blocked_clients: [] trusted_clients: [] ddos_mitigation_rules: [] service_policies_from_namespace: {} round_robin: {} disable_trust_client_ip_headers: {} disable_ddos_detection: {} disable_malicious_user_detection: {} disable_api_discovery: {} disable_bot_defense: {} disable_api_definition: {} disable_ip_reputation: {} disable_client_side_defense: {} resource_version: "517528014" With the HTTP LB successfully deployed, check that its status is ready on the status page. You can verify the LB is working by sending a basic request using the command line tool, curl. Confirm that the value of the HTTP header “Server” is “volt-adc”. da.potter@lab ~ % curl -I https://buytime.waap.f5-cloud-demo.com HTTP/2 200 date: Mon, 17 Oct 2022 23:23:55 GMT content-type: text/html; charset=UTF-8 content-length: 2200 vary: Origin access-control-allow-credentials: true accept-ranges: bytes cache-control: public, max-age=0 last-modified: Wed, 24 Feb 2021 11:06:36 GMT etag: W/"898-177d3b82260" x-envoy-upstream-service-time: 136 strict-transport-security: max-age=31536000 set-cookie: 1f945=1666049035840-557942247; Path=/; Domain=f5-cloud-demo.com; Expires=Sun, 17 Oct 2032 23:23:55 GMT set-cookie: 1f9403=viJrSNaAp766P6p6EKZK7nyhofjXCVawnskkzsrMBUZIoNQOEUqXFkyymBAGlYPNQXOUBOOYKFfs0ne+fKAT/ozN5PM4S5hmAIiHQ7JAh48P4AP47wwPqdvC22MSsSejQ0upD9oEhkQEeTG1Iro1N9sLh+w+CtFS7WiXmmJFV9FAl3E2; path=/ x-volterra-location: wes-sea server: volt-adc Now it’s time to configure the CDN Distribution and service chain it to the WAAP HTTP LB. Navigate to Content Delivery Network > Distributions, then Add Distribution. The following YAML creates a basic CDN configuration that uses the WAAP HTTP LB above. metadata: name: buytime-cdn namespace: waap-cdn labels: {} annotations: {} disable: false spec: domains: - buytime.f5-cloud-demo.com https_auto_cert: http_redirect: true add_hsts: true tls_config: tls_12_plus: {} add_location: false more_option: cache_ttl_options: cache_ttl_override: 1m origin_pool: public_name: dns_name: buytime.waap.f5-cloud-demo.com use_tls: use_host_header_as_sni: {} tls_config: default_security: {} volterra_trusted_ca: {} no_mtls: {} origin_servers: - public_name: dns_name: buytime.waap.f5-cloud-demo.com follow_origin_redirect: false resource_version: "518473853" After saving the configuration, verify that the status is “Active”. You can confirm the CDN deployment status for each individual region by going to the distribution’s action button “Show Global Status”, and scrolling down to each region to see that each region’s “site_status.status” value is “DEPLOYMENT_STATUS_DEPLOYED”. Verification With the CDN Distribution successfully deployed, it’s possible to confirm with the following basic request using curl. Take note of the two HTTP headers “Server” and “x-cache-status”. The Server value will now be “volt-cdn”, and the x-cache-status will be “MISS” for the first request. da.potter@lab ~ % curl -I https://buytime.f5-cloud-demo.com HTTP/2 200 date: Mon, 17 Oct 2022 23:24:04 GMT content-type: text/html; charset=UTF-8 content-length: 2200 vary: Origin access-control-allow-credentials: true accept-ranges: bytes cache-control: public, max-age=0 last-modified: Wed, 24 Feb 2021 11:06:36 GMT etag: W/"898-177d3b82260" x-envoy-upstream-service-time: 63 strict-transport-security: max-age=31536000 set-cookie: 1f945=1666049044863-471593352; Path=/; Domain=f5-cloud-demo.com; Expires=Sun, 17 Oct 2032 23:24:04 GMT set-cookie: 1f9403=aCNN1JINHqvWPwkVT5OH3c+OIl6+Ve9Xkjx/zfWxz5AaG24IkeYqZ+y6tQqE9CiFkNk+cnU7NP0EYtgGnxV0dLzuo3yHRi3dzVLT7PEUHpYA2YSXbHY6yTijHbj/rSafchaEEnzegqngS4dBwfe56pBZt52MMWsUU9x3P4yMzeeonxcr; path=/ x-volterra-location: dal3-dal server: volt-cdn x-cache-status: MISS strict-transport-security: max-age=31536000 To see a security violation detected by the WAF in real-time, you can simulate a simple XSS exploit with the following curl: da.potter@lab ~ % curl -Gv "https://buytime.f5-cloud-demo.com?<script>('alert:XSS')</script>" * Trying x.x.x.x:443... * Connected to buytime.f5-cloud-demo.com (x.x.x.x) port 443 (#0) * ALPN, offering h2 * ALPN, offering http/1.1 * successfully set certificate verify locations: * CAfile: /etc/ssl/cert.pem * CApath: none * (304) (OUT), TLS handshake, Client hello (1): * (304) (IN), TLS handshake, Server hello (2): * TLSv1.2 (IN), TLS handshake, Certificate (11): * TLSv1.2 (IN), TLS handshake, Server key exchange (12): * TLSv1.2 (IN), TLS handshake, Server finished (14): * TLSv1.2 (OUT), TLS handshake, Client key exchange (16): * TLSv1.2 (OUT), TLS change cipher, Change cipher spec (1): * TLSv1.2 (OUT), TLS handshake, Finished (20): * TLSv1.2 (IN), TLS change cipher, Change cipher spec (1): * TLSv1.2 (IN), TLS handshake, Finished (20): * SSL connection using TLSv1.2 / ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384 * ALPN, server accepted to use h2 * Server certificate: * subject: CN=buytime.f5-cloud-demo.com * start date: Oct 14 23:51:02 2022 GMT * expire date: Jan 12 23:51:01 2023 GMT * subjectAltName: host "buytime.f5-cloud-demo.com" matched cert's "buytime.f5-cloud-demo.com" * issuer: C=US; O=Let's Encrypt; CN=R3 * SSL certificate verify ok. * Using HTTP2, server supports multiplexing * Connection state changed (HTTP/2 confirmed) * Copying HTTP/2 data in stream buffer to connection buffer after upgrade: len=0 * Using Stream ID: 1 (easy handle 0x14f010000) > GET /?<script>('alert:XSS')</script> HTTP/2 > Host: buytime.f5-cloud-demo.com > user-agent: curl/7.79.1 > accept: */* > * Connection state changed (MAX_CONCURRENT_STREAMS == 128)! < HTTP/2 200 < date: Sat, 22 Oct 2022 01:04:39 GMT < content-type: text/html; charset=UTF-8 < content-length: 269 < cache-control: no-cache < pragma: no-cache < set-cookie: 1f945=1666400679155-452898837; Path=/; Domain=f5-cloud-demo.com; Expires=Fri, 22 Oct 2032 01:04:39 GMT < set-cookie: 1f9403=/1b+W13c7xNShbbe6zE3KKUDNPCGbxRMVhI64uZny+HFXxpkJMsCKmDWaihBD4KWm82reTlVsS8MumTYQW6ktFQqXeFvrMDFMSKdNSAbVT+IqQfSuVfVRfrtgRkvgzbDEX9TUIhp3xJV3R1jdbUuAAaj9Dhgdsven8FlCaADENYuIlBE; path=/ < x-volterra-location: dal3-dal < server: volt-cdn < x-cache-status: MISS < strict-transport-security: max-age=31536000 < <html><head><title>Request Rejected</title></head> <body>The requested URL was rejected. Please consult with your administrator.<br/><br/> Your support ID is 85281693-eb72-4891-9099-928ffe00869c<br/><br/><a href='javascript&colon;history.back();'>[Go Back]</a></body></html> * Connection #0 to host buytime.f5-cloud-demo.com left intact Notice that the above request intentionally by-passes the CDN cache and is sent to the HTTP LB for the WAF policy to inspect. With this request rejected, you can confirm the attack by navigating to the WAAP HTTP LB Security page under the WAAP Security section within Apps & APIs. After refreshing the page, you’ll see the security violation under the “Top Attacked” panel. Demo To see all of this in action, watch my video below. This uses all of the configuration details above to make a WAAP + CDN service chain in Distributed Cloud. Additional Guides Virtually deploy this solution in our product simulator, or hands-on with step-by-step comprehensive demo guide. The demo guide includes all the steps, including those that are needed prior to deployment, so that once deployed, the solution works end-to-end without any tweaks to local DNS. The demo guide steps can also be automated with Ansible, in case you'd either like to replicate it or simply want to jump to the end and work your way back. Conclusion This shows just how simple it can be to use the Distributed Cloud CDN to frontend your web app protected by a WAF, all natively within the F5 Distributed Cloud’s regional edge POPs. The advantage of this solution should now be clear – the Distributed Cloud CDN is cloud-agnostic, flexible, agile, and you can enforce security policies anywhere, regardless of whether your web app lives on-prem, in and across clouds, or even at the edge. For more information about Distributed Cloud WAAP and Distributed Cloud CDN, visit the following resources: Product website: https://www.f5.com/cloud/products/cdn Distributed Cloud CDN & WAAP Demo Guide: https://github.com/f5devcentral/xcwaapcdnguide Video: https://youtu.be/OUD8R6j5Q8o Simulator: https://simulator.f5.com/s/waap-cdn Demo Guide: https://github.com/f5devcentral/xcwaapcdnguide
Dave_Potter
Feb 07, 2023 Place Technical Articles
7.6KViews
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Mitigation","conversation":{"__ref":"Conversation:conversation:292576"},"id":"message:292576","revisionNum":10,"uid":292576,"depth":0,"board":{"__ref":"Tkb:board:TechnicalArticles"},"author":{"__ref":"User:user:129415"},"teaser@stripHtml({\"removeProcessingText\":true,\"truncateLength\":-1})":" In this article you will learn how simple it is to use F5 Distributed Cloud to protect your application from DDoS attacks. ","introduction":"","metrics":{"__typename":"MessageMetrics","views":9779},"postTime":"2022-03-01T09:00:00.021-08:00","lastPublishTime":"2023-04-10T13:16:45.752-07:00","body@stripHtml({\"removeProcessingText\":true,\"removeSpoilerMarkup\":true,\"removeTocMarkup\":true,\"truncateLength\":-1})":" \n Introduction \n In this article you will learn how simple it is to use F5 Distributed Cloud to protect your application from DDoS attacks. Some of the benefits of using F5 Distributed Cloud DDoS Mitigation are: \n \n Ensure application and network availability during DDoS attacks \n Block the malicious traffic while allowing the good, ensuring a good user experience for applications and services \n Identify and mitigate sophisticated Layer 7 DoS attacks that exploit application & infrastructure weaknesses \n Block the attack where it originates with a global backbone and distributed DoS mitigation technology \n Protect small facility and cloud-based applications and services with DNS-based redirection \n \n \n \"Nature is a mutable cloud, which is always and never the same.\" - Ralph Waldo Emerson \n We might not wax that philosophically around here, but our heads are in the cloud nonetheless! Join the F5 Distributed Cloud user group today and learn more with your peers and other F5 experts. \n \n Layer 3/4 DDoS Mitigation is enabled by default and requires no configuration. \n DDoS Mitigation is included with the F5 Distributed Cloud service. \n Configuring F5 Distributed Cloud DDoS Mitigation \n From the F5 Distributed Cloud Console select Load Balancers to begin. \n \n For this article let’s assume you have configured a very basic HTTP Load Balancer named “my-web-app”. On the right under Actions click the 3 dots and select Manage Configuration. \n \n \n \n \n \n The Basic Configuration shows the Domain name, “mydomain.com” in this example. The Load Balancer is configured as HTTPS with Automatic Certificate and an HTTP redirect to HTTPS. TLS security is set to High. \n \n \n Under Security Configuration you may need to scroll down and toggle the Show Advanced Fields button to On to view the DDoS configuration. \n \n \n Scroll down to ML Config and select Single Load Balancer Application. \n \n \n Disable API Discovery. \n \n \n Scroll to the bottom and click Save and Exit. \n \n \n The application is now protected from Layer 7 DDoS attacks. \n How to know when a DDoS attack occurs? \n Security Events will be generated when a DDoS attack occurs. This can be viewed from the Security Monitoring Dashboard. \n \n \n Select the DDoS Dashboard to view a geographical map that shows the location off the affected application. \n \n Expand the DDoS Events for more detail. Under Metric we can see that Error Rate and Request Rate were triggered. Make a note of the Suspicious Users IP address so it can be blocked. \n \n How to mitigate attacks? \n Go back to Manage > Load Balancers. Click the 3 dots under Actions and select Manage Configuration. \n \n \n Click Edit Configuration on the top right. \n \n \n Scroll down under Security Configuration. Find the DDoS Mitigation Rules and click Configure. \n \n Click Add item. \n \n Give it a name, “block-by-ip” in this example. \n \n Under Mitigation Choice > IP Source enter the IP prefixes you want to block. \n \n Note: IP address 1.2.3.4 is only being used as an example. 1.2.3.0/24 notations can be used to block entire subnets. \n Click Add item at the bottom. \n \n Then click Apply. \n \n Scroll to the bottom and click Save and Exit. \n \n The attacking client has been blocked and will no longer trigger DDoS Events. \n Conclusion \n In this article you learned how to enable and configure L7 DDoS Mitigation with the F5 Distributed Cloud. We also went over the monitoring of Security Events and what to do if a DDoS attack is detected. \n For further information or to get started: \n \n F5 Distributed Cloud WAAP YouTube series (Link) \n F5 Distributed Cloud WAAP Services (Link) \n F5 Distributed Cloud WAAP Get Started (Link) \n \n Tag: F5 XC DDoS Mitigation \n 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F5 Distributed Cloud to service chain WAAP and CDN","conversation":{"__ref":"Conversation:conversation:303142"},"id":"message:303142","revisionNum":10,"uid":303142,"depth":0,"board":{"__ref":"Tkb:board:TechnicalArticles"},"author":{"__ref":"User:user:418292"},"teaser@stripHtml({\"removeProcessingText\":true,\"truncateLength\":-1})":"","introduction":"","metrics":{"__typename":"MessageMetrics","views":7647},"postTime":"2022-11-01T09:00:00.015-07:00","lastPublishTime":"2023-02-07T10:30:03.247-08:00","body@stripHtml({\"removeProcessingText\":true,\"removeSpoilerMarkup\":true,\"removeTocMarkup\":true,\"truncateLength\":-1})":" \n The Content Delivery Network (CDN) market has become increasingly commoditized. Many providers have augmented their CDN capabilities with WAFs/WAAPs, DNS, load balancing, edge compute, and networking. Managing all these solutions together creates a web of operational complexity, which can be confusing. \n F5’s synergistic bundling of CDN with Web Application and API Protection (WAAP) benefits those looking for simplicity and ease of use. It provides a way around the complications and silos that many resource-strapped organizations face with their IT systems. \n This bundling also signifies how CDN has become a commodity product often not purchased independently anymore. This trend is encouraging many competitors to evolve their capabilities to include edge computing – a space where F5 has gained considerable experience in recent years. \n F5 is rapidly catching up to other providers’ CDNs. F5’s experience and leadership building the world’s best-of-breed Application Delivery Controller (ADC), the BIG-IP load balancer, put it in a unique position to offer the best application delivery and security services directly at the edge with many of its CDN points of presence. With robust regional edge capabilities and a global network, F5 has entered the CDN space with a complementary offering to an already compelling suite of features. This includes the ability to run microservices and Kubernetes workloads anywhere, with a complete range of services to support app infrastructure deployment, scale, and lifecycle management all within a single management console. \n \n \n With advancements made in the application security space at F5, WAAP capabilities are directly integrated into the Distributed Cloud Platform to protect both web apps and APIs. Features include (yet not limited to): \n \n Web Application Firewall: Signature + Behavioral WAF functionality \n Bot Defense: Detect client signals, determining if clients are human or automated \n DDoS Mitigation: Fully managed by F5 \n API Security: Continuous inspection and detection of shadow APIs \n \n Solution \n Combining the Distributed Cloud WAAP with CDN as a form of service chaining is a straightforward process. This not only gives you the best security protection for web apps and APIs, but also positions apps regionally to deliver them with low latency and minimal compute per request. \n In the following solution, we’ve combined Distributed Cloud WAAP and CDN to globally deliver an app protected by a WAF policy from the closest regional point of presence to the user. Follow along as I demonstrate how to configure the basic elements. \n \n Configuration \n \n Log in to the Distributed Cloud Console and navigate to the DNS Management service. Decide if you want Distributed Cloud to manage the DNS zone as a Primary DNS server or if you’d rather delegate the fully qualified domain name (FQDN) for your app to Distributed Cloud with a CNAME. While using Delegation or Managed DNS is optional, doing so makes it possible for Distributed Cloud to automatically create and manage the SSL certificates needed to securely publish your app. \n \n Next, in Distributed Cloud Console, navigate to the Web App and API Protection service, then go to App Firewall, then Add App Firewall. This is where you’ll create the security policy that we’ll later connect our HTTP LB. Let’s use the following basic WAF policy in YAML format, you can paste it directly in to the Console by changing the configuration view to JSON and then changing the format to YAML. Note: This uses the namespace “waap-cdn”, change this to match your individual tenant’s configuration. \n metadata:\n name: buytime-waf\n namespace: waap-cdn\n labels: {}\n annotations: {}\n disable: false\nspec:\n blocking: {}\n detection_settings:\n signature_selection_setting:\n default_attack_type_settings: {}\n high_medium_low_accuracy_signatures: {}\n enable_suppression: {}\n enable_threat_campaigns: {}\n default_violation_settings: {}\n bot_protection_setting:\n malicious_bot_action: BLOCK\n suspicious_bot_action: REPORT\n good_bot_action: REPORT\n allow_all_response_codes: {}\n default_anonymization: {}\n use_default_blocking_page: {} \n With the WAF policy saved, it’s time to configure the origin server. Navigate to Load Balancers > Origin Pools, then Add Origin Pool. The following YAML uses a FQDN DNS name reach the app server. Using an IP address for the server is possible as well. \n metadata:\n name: buytime-pool\n namespace: waap-cdn\n labels: {}\n annotations: {}\n disable: false\nspec:\n origin_servers:\n - public_name:\n dns_name: webserver.f5-cloud-demo.com\n labels: {}\n no_tls: {}\n port: 80\n same_as_endpoint_port: {}\n healthcheck: []\n loadbalancer_algorithm: LB_OVERRIDE\n endpoint_selection: LOCAL_PREFERRED \n With the supporting WAF and Origin Pool resources configured, it’s time to create the HTTP Load Balancer. Navigate to Load Balancers > HTTP Load Balancers, then create a new one. Use the following YAML to create the LB and use both resources created above. \n metadata:\n name: buytime-online\n namespace: waap-cdn\n labels: {}\n annotations: {}\n disable: false\nspec:\n domains:\n - buytime.waap.f5-cloud-demo.com\n https_auto_cert:\n http_redirect: true\n add_hsts: true\n port: 443\n tls_config:\n default_security: {}\n no_mtls: {}\n default_header: {}\n enable_path_normalize: {}\n non_default_loadbalancer: {}\n header_transformation_type:\n default_header_transformation: {}\n advertise_on_public_default_vip: {}\n default_route_pools:\n - pool:\n tenant: your-tenant-uid\n namespace: waap-cdn\n name: buytime-pool\n kind: origin_pool\n weight: 1\n priority: 1\n endpoint_subsets: {}\n routes: []\n app_firewall:\n tenant: your-tenant-uid\n namespace: waap-cdn\n name: buytime-waf\n kind: app_firewall\n add_location: true\n no_challenge: {}\n user_id_client_ip: {}\n disable_rate_limit: {}\n waf_exclusion_rules: []\n data_guard_rules: []\n blocked_clients: []\n trusted_clients: []\n ddos_mitigation_rules: []\n service_policies_from_namespace: {}\n round_robin: {}\n disable_trust_client_ip_headers: {}\n disable_ddos_detection: {}\n disable_malicious_user_detection: {}\n disable_api_discovery: {}\n disable_bot_defense: {}\n disable_api_definition: {}\n disable_ip_reputation: {}\n disable_client_side_defense: {}\nresource_version: \"517528014\" \n With the HTTP LB successfully deployed, check that its status is ready on the status page. \n \n You can verify the LB is working by sending a basic request using the command line tool, curl. Confirm that the value of the HTTP header “Server” is “volt-adc”. \n da.potter@lab ~ % curl -I https://buytime.waap.f5-cloud-demo.com\nHTTP/2 200 \ndate: Mon, 17 Oct 2022 23:23:55 GMT\ncontent-type: text/html; charset=UTF-8\ncontent-length: 2200\nvary: Origin\naccess-control-allow-credentials: true\naccept-ranges: bytes\ncache-control: public, max-age=0\nlast-modified: Wed, 24 Feb 2021 11:06:36 GMT\netag: W/\"898-177d3b82260\"\nx-envoy-upstream-service-time: 136\nstrict-transport-security: max-age=31536000\nset-cookie: 1f945=1666049035840-557942247; Path=/; Domain=f5-cloud-demo.com; Expires=Sun, 17 Oct 2032 23:23:55 GMT\nset-cookie: 1f9403=viJrSNaAp766P6p6EKZK7nyhofjXCVawnskkzsrMBUZIoNQOEUqXFkyymBAGlYPNQXOUBOOYKFfs0ne+fKAT/ozN5PM4S5hmAIiHQ7JAh48P4AP47wwPqdvC22MSsSejQ0upD9oEhkQEeTG1Iro1N9sLh+w+CtFS7WiXmmJFV9FAl3E2; path=/\nx-volterra-location: wes-sea\nserver: volt-adc \n Now it’s time to configure the CDN Distribution and service chain it to the WAAP HTTP LB. Navigate to Content Delivery Network > Distributions, then Add Distribution. The following YAML creates a basic CDN configuration that uses the WAAP HTTP LB above. \n metadata:\n name: buytime-cdn\n namespace: waap-cdn\n labels: {}\n annotations: {}\n disable: false\nspec:\n domains:\n - buytime.f5-cloud-demo.com\n https_auto_cert:\n http_redirect: true\n add_hsts: true\n tls_config:\n tls_12_plus: {}\n add_location: false\n more_option:\n cache_ttl_options:\n cache_ttl_override: 1m\n origin_pool:\n public_name:\n dns_name: buytime.waap.f5-cloud-demo.com\n use_tls:\n use_host_header_as_sni: {}\n tls_config:\n default_security: {}\n volterra_trusted_ca: {}\n no_mtls: {}\n origin_servers:\n - public_name:\n dns_name: buytime.waap.f5-cloud-demo.com\n follow_origin_redirect: false\nresource_version: \"518473853\" \n After saving the configuration, verify that the status is “Active”. You can confirm the CDN deployment status for each individual region by going to the distribution’s action button “Show Global Status”, and scrolling down to each region to see that each region’s “site_status.status” value is “DEPLOYMENT_STATUS_DEPLOYED”. \n \n Verification \n With the CDN Distribution successfully deployed, it’s possible to confirm with the following basic request using curl. Take note of the two HTTP headers “Server” and “x-cache-status”. The Server value will now be “volt-cdn”, and the x-cache-status will be “MISS” for the first request. \n da.potter@lab ~ % curl -I https://buytime.f5-cloud-demo.com \nHTTP/2 200 \ndate: Mon, 17 Oct 2022 23:24:04 GMT\ncontent-type: text/html; charset=UTF-8\ncontent-length: 2200\nvary: Origin\naccess-control-allow-credentials: true\naccept-ranges: bytes\ncache-control: public, max-age=0\nlast-modified: Wed, 24 Feb 2021 11:06:36 GMT\netag: W/\"898-177d3b82260\"\nx-envoy-upstream-service-time: 63\nstrict-transport-security: max-age=31536000\nset-cookie: 1f945=1666049044863-471593352; Path=/; Domain=f5-cloud-demo.com; Expires=Sun, 17 Oct 2032 23:24:04 GMT\nset-cookie: 1f9403=aCNN1JINHqvWPwkVT5OH3c+OIl6+Ve9Xkjx/zfWxz5AaG24IkeYqZ+y6tQqE9CiFkNk+cnU7NP0EYtgGnxV0dLzuo3yHRi3dzVLT7PEUHpYA2YSXbHY6yTijHbj/rSafchaEEnzegqngS4dBwfe56pBZt52MMWsUU9x3P4yMzeeonxcr; path=/\nx-volterra-location: dal3-dal\nserver: volt-cdn\nx-cache-status: MISS\nstrict-transport-security: max-age=31536000 \n To see a security violation detected by the WAF in real-time, you can simulate a simple XSS exploit with the following curl: \n da.potter@lab ~ % curl -Gv \"https://buytime.f5-cloud-demo.com?<script>('alert:XSS')</script>\"\n* Trying x.x.x.x:443...\n* Connected to buytime.f5-cloud-demo.com (x.x.x.x) port 443 (#0)\n* ALPN, offering h2\n* ALPN, offering http/1.1\n* successfully set certificate verify locations:\n* CAfile: /etc/ssl/cert.pem\n* CApath: none\n* (304) (OUT), TLS handshake, Client hello (1):\n* (304) (IN), TLS handshake, Server hello (2):\n* TLSv1.2 (IN), TLS handshake, Certificate (11):\n* TLSv1.2 (IN), TLS handshake, Server key exchange (12):\n* TLSv1.2 (IN), TLS handshake, Server finished (14):\n* TLSv1.2 (OUT), TLS handshake, Client key exchange (16):\n* TLSv1.2 (OUT), TLS change cipher, Change cipher spec (1):\n* TLSv1.2 (OUT), TLS handshake, Finished (20):\n* TLSv1.2 (IN), TLS change cipher, Change cipher spec (1):\n* TLSv1.2 (IN), TLS handshake, Finished (20):\n* SSL connection using TLSv1.2 / ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384\n* ALPN, server accepted to use h2\n* Server certificate:\n* subject: CN=buytime.f5-cloud-demo.com\n* start date: Oct 14 23:51:02 2022 GMT\n* expire date: Jan 12 23:51:01 2023 GMT\n* subjectAltName: host \"buytime.f5-cloud-demo.com\" matched cert's \"buytime.f5-cloud-demo.com\"\n* issuer: C=US; O=Let's Encrypt; CN=R3\n* SSL certificate verify ok.\n* Using HTTP2, server supports multiplexing\n* Connection state changed (HTTP/2 confirmed)\n* Copying HTTP/2 data in stream buffer to connection buffer after upgrade: len=0\n* Using Stream ID: 1 (easy handle 0x14f010000)\n> GET /?<script>('alert:XSS')</script> HTTP/2\n> Host: buytime.f5-cloud-demo.com\n> user-agent: curl/7.79.1\n> accept: */*\n> \n* Connection state changed (MAX_CONCURRENT_STREAMS == 128)!\n< HTTP/2 200 \n< date: Sat, 22 Oct 2022 01:04:39 GMT\n< content-type: text/html; charset=UTF-8\n< content-length: 269\n< cache-control: no-cache\n< pragma: no-cache\n< set-cookie: 1f945=1666400679155-452898837; Path=/; Domain=f5-cloud-demo.com; Expires=Fri, 22 Oct 2032 01:04:39 GMT\n< set-cookie: 1f9403=/1b+W13c7xNShbbe6zE3KKUDNPCGbxRMVhI64uZny+HFXxpkJMsCKmDWaihBD4KWm82reTlVsS8MumTYQW6ktFQqXeFvrMDFMSKdNSAbVT+IqQfSuVfVRfrtgRkvgzbDEX9TUIhp3xJV3R1jdbUuAAaj9Dhgdsven8FlCaADENYuIlBE; path=/\n< x-volterra-location: dal3-dal\n< server: volt-cdn\n< x-cache-status: MISS\n< strict-transport-security: max-age=31536000\n< \n<html><head><title>Request Rejected</title></head>\n<body>The requested URL was rejected. Please consult with your administrator.<br/><br/>\nYour support ID is 85281693-eb72-4891-9099-928ffe00869c<br/><br/><a href='javascript&colon;history.back();'>[Go Back]</a></body></html>\n* Connection #0 to host buytime.f5-cloud-demo.com left intact \n Notice that the above request intentionally by-passes the CDN cache and is sent to the HTTP LB for the WAF policy to inspect. With this request rejected, you can confirm the attack by navigating to the WAAP HTTP LB Security page under the WAAP Security section within Apps & APIs. After refreshing the page, you’ll see the security violation under the “Top Attacked” panel. \n \n Demo \n To see all of this in action, watch my video below. This uses all of the configuration details above to make a WAAP + CDN service chain in Distributed Cloud. \n \n Additional Guides \n Virtually deploy this solution in our product simulator, or hands-on with step-by-step comprehensive demo guide. The demo guide includes all the steps, including those that are needed prior to deployment, so that once deployed, the solution works end-to-end without any tweaks to local DNS. The demo guide steps can also be automated with Ansible, in case you'd either like to replicate it or simply want to jump to the end and work your way back. \n Conclusion \n This shows just how simple it can be to use the Distributed Cloud CDN to frontend your web app protected by a WAF, all natively within the F5 Distributed Cloud’s regional edge POPs. The advantage of this solution should now be clear – the Distributed Cloud CDN is cloud-agnostic, flexible, agile, and you can enforce security policies anywhere, regardless of whether your web app lives on-prem, in and across clouds, or even at the edge. \n For more information about Distributed Cloud WAAP and Distributed Cloud CDN, visit the following resources: Product website: https://www.f5.com/cloud/products/cdn Distributed Cloud CDN & WAAP Demo Guide: https://github.com/f5devcentral/xcwaapcdnguide Video: https://youtu.be/OUD8R6j5Q8o Simulator: https://simulator.f5.com/s/waap-cdn Demo Guide: https://github.com/f5devcentral/xcwaapcdnguide \n 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